Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Codex Bobiensis
open-in-new
<h2 id="mark-16"><a href="/facts/Mark_16/F9E2Nl0C">Mark 16</a></h2> <p>There is a unique reading following <a href="/facts/Mark_16/F9E2Nl0C">Mark 16:3</a>: </p> <i>Subito autem ad horam tertiam tenebrae diei factae sunt per totum orbem terrae, et descenderunt de caelis angeli et surgent in claritate vivi Dei (viri duo?); simul ascenderunt cum eo, et continuo lux facta est.</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> <p>The text requires some guesswork. Biblical scholar <a href="/facts/Bruce_Metzger/XYmx2K62">Bruce Metzger</a> provides the following translation: </p> But suddenly at the third hour of the day there was darkness over the whole circle of the earth, and angels descended from the heavens, and as he [the Lord] was rising in the glory of the living God, at the same time they ascended with him; and immediately it was light.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> <p>The "Shorter Ending" runs as follows: </p> Omnia autem quaecumque praecepta erant et qui cum puero erant breviter exposuerunt. Posthaec et ipse ihesus adparuit, et ab orientem usque usque in orientem misit per illos sanctam et incorruptam [praedicationis] salutis aeternae. Amen. But they reported briefly to the boy<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> and those with him all that they had been told. And after this, Jesus himself (appeared to them and) sent out by means of them, from east to east, the sacred and imperishable (proclamation) of eternal salvation. Amen. <h2 id="matthew-8"><a href="/facts/Matthew_8/yKvwSasp">Matthew 8</a></h2> <p>In <a href="/facts/Matthew_8:12/hJkHIyw0">Matthew 8:12</a> it represents the textual variant ἐξελεύσονται (<i>will go out</i>) instead of ἐκβληθήσονται (<i>will be thrown</i>). </p><p>This variant is supported only by two Greek manuscripts , <i><a href="/facts/Codex_Sinaiticus/IaND8dKr">Codex Sinaiticus</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/Codex_Climaci_Rescriptus/cDwCarQN">Codex Climaci Rescriptus</a></i>, and by the Syriac<a href="/facts/Curetonian_Gospels/Qns3h4Gg">c</a>, <a href="/facts/Syriac_Sinaiticus/CEAfVPoJ">s</a>, <a href="/facts/Peshitta/Yvnsbgum">p</a>, pal, the Armenian, and the <i>Diatessaron</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>The manuscript was probably written in North Africa,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> and is dated to the 4th or 5th century.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> Later, it was brought to the monastery in <a href="/facts/Bobbio/Qcc7w6dS">Bobbio</a> in northern <a href="/facts/Italy/tUf0PDYF">Italy</a>. It was traditionally assigned to <a href="/facts/St._Columban/Wcz3XEPQ">St. Columban</a>, who died in the monastery he had founded there, in 615.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>Researchers, comparing the <i>Codex Bobiensis</i> with quotes from <a href="/facts/Cyprian/8H16YcA7">Cyprian</a>’s publications from the 3rd century, think it may represent a page from the Bible Cyprian used while he was a bishop in <a href="/facts/Carthage/MXGPRNFA">Carthage</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> A palaeographic study of the scripture determined it is a copy of a papyrus script from the 2nd century. The text of the codex is considered a representative of the <a href="/facts/Western_text-type/08IRjtC1">Western text-type</a>. It is currently housed in the <a href="/facts/Turin_National_University_Library/V9umIpVT">Turin National University Library</a>. </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li>The 192 images of the manuscript are visible at <a href="https://bobbiensis.sib.swiss">https://bobbiensis.sib.swiss</a></li></ul> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/John_Wordsworth/RrjcHoKD">John Wordsworth</a>, <a href="https://archive.org/details/oldlatinbiblica01unkngoog"><i>Old-Latin Biblical Text: No II. Portions of the Gospels According to St. Mark and St. Matthew, from the Bobbio ms. (k), now numbered G. VIII. 15 in the National library at Turin; together with other fragments of the Gospels from six mss. in the libraries of St. Gall, Coire, Milan, and Berne (usually cited as n, o, p, a2, s, and t)</i></a>, Oxford 1886</li> <li><a href="/facts/F._C._Burkitt/4jLGyyHG">F. C. Burkitt</a>, <a href="https://archive.org/stream/journaltheologi02unkngoog#page/n296/mode/2up"><i>NOTES. ON ST. MARK XV 34 IN COD. BOBIENSIS.</i></a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/os-I.2.278"><i>JTS Vol. 1, Issue 2, 1900, pp. 278–279.</i></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Cuthbert_Turner/vDRPsUAn">Cuthbert Turner</a>, <a href="https://archive.org/stream/journaltheologi06unkngoog#page/n106/mode/2up"><i>A RE-COLLATION OF CODEX k OF THE OLD LATIN GOSPELS (TURIN G VII 15)</i></a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/os-V.17.88"><i>JTS Vol. 5, Issue 17, 1903, pp. 88–100.</i></a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links-and-sources">External links and sources</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://www.bible-researcher.com/bobiensis.html">Bible Research: Codex Bobbiensis</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.catholicplanet.com/TSM/NT-Mark.htm">Catholic Planet: The Writing of the Gospels – Mark</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.bibleviews.com/authority-6.html">BIBLE VIEWS: Christian Doctrine and Practice: Translations and the Greek Text</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/bobiensis.jpg">Image</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>The order of books was probably: John, Luke, Mark, and Matthew. See Scrivener: A Plain Introduction below. <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1. <a href="978-0-8028-4098-1" target="_blank">978-0-8028-4098-1</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose (1984). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament. Vol. 2. London. p. 48.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener" target="_blank">/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Metzger, Bruce Manning (1994). A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: German Bible Society. pp. 101–102. ISBN 978-3-438-06010-5. <a href="978-3-438-06010-5" target="_blank">978-3-438-06010-5</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Metzger, Bruce Manning (1994). A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: German Bible Society. pp. 101–102. ISBN 978-3-438-06010-5. <a href="978-3-438-06010-5" target="_blank">978-3-438-06010-5</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>The text in Latin reads: "cum puero", meaning "to the boy", instead of the most commonly found "cum petro", which is "to Peter".[5] <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara; Karavidopoulos, Johannes; Martini, Carlo Maria; Metzger, Bruce Manning, eds. (2001). The Greek New Testament (4 ed.). United Bible Societies. p. 26. ISBN 978-3-438-05110-3. (UBS4). <a href="978-3-438-05110-3" target="_blank">978-3-438-05110-3</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>F. C. Burkitt (1993). "FURTHER NOTES ON CODEX k". Journal of Theological Sutdies. 5 (17): 107. doi:10.1093/jts/os-V.17.100. JSTOR 23949794. <a href="/wiki/F._C._Burkitt" target="_blank">/wiki/F._C._Burkitt</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>F. C. Burkitt (1993). "FURTHER NOTES ON CODEX k". Journal of Theological Sutdies. 5 (17): 107. doi:10.1093/jts/os-V.17.100. JSTOR 23949794. <a href="/wiki/F._C._Burkitt" target="_blank">/wiki/F._C._Burkitt</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose (1984). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament. Vol. 2. London. p. 48.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener" target="_blank">/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>F. C. Burkitt (1993). "FURTHER NOTES ON CODEX k". Journal of Theological Sutdies. 5 (17): 107. doi:10.1093/jts/os-V.17.100. JSTOR 23949794. <a href="/wiki/F._C._Burkitt" target="_blank">/wiki/F._C._Burkitt</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>