Kasim Reed

<h2 id="early-life-and-education">Early life and education</h2>
Reed was born in <a href="/facts/Plainfield%2c_New_Jersey/fyht8tDU">Plainfield, New Jersey</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a> His family moved to <a href="/facts/Fulton_County%2c_Georgia/tDqd6RdF">Fulton County, Georgia</a>, when he was an infant.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a> His family belonged to the <a href="/facts/United_Methodist_Church/8SRPAktW">United Methodist Church</a>. His father had considered converting to <a href="/facts/Islam/zDLbL45C">Islam</a> and named his son Mohammed Kasim, to the consternation of his minister grandfather.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a> Reed graduated from Fulton County's Utoy Springs Elementary School and Westwood High School, now <a href="/facts/Westlake_High_School_(Fulton_County%2c_Georgia)/wgkl75P2">Westlake High School</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a> According to a DNA analysis, he is a descendant through African ancestral lines from the <a href="/facts/Igbo_people/UhxvcD24">Igbo people</a> of <a href="/facts/Nigeria/gbW17BX8">Nigeria</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a>

<h3>Howard University</h3>
Reed attended <a href="/facts/Howard_University/cvD1HBoc">Howard University</a> in <a href="/facts/Washington%2c_D.C./enXPK156">Washington, D.C.</a>, graduating in 1991 with a degree in <a href="/facts/Political_science/Gqy5EoRX">political science</a>.
Students took over the Howard administration building in 1989, protesting having <a href="/facts/Republican_National_Committee/jFDvrvIA">Republican National Committee</a> Chairman <a href="/facts/Lee_Atwater/LkolCJpA">Lee Atwater</a> on the university's board of trustees, saying that he had contributed to "growing anti-black sentiment in America" through his management of President <a href="/facts/George_H._W._Bush/Xk5UxRqp">George H. W. Bush</a>'s campaign. Atwater resigned from the board. Reed disagreed with their action, saying there was nothing wrong with having the Republican Party try to win the votes of black students. He felt it would have been better if Atwater had met with the protesting students, as he might have learned more about their position. For instance, "[he] might have gained insight into a generation of students portrayed as destitute and in need of more federal support." Reed noted "that 85 percent of Howard's 12,000 students receive federal aid."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a>
An early <a href="/facts/Entrepreneur/gr8E0Su2">entrepreneur</a>, by 1989 Reed made $40,000 running a jewelry business which he started at age sixteen.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a> In 1990 he was invited to comment on the <a href="/facts/Gulf_War/6LdLnGdo">Persian Gulf War</a> military buildup on the <a href="/facts/MacNeil%2fLehrer_NewsHour/uR9fE5EE">MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour</a>. Also, in November of that year he was featured in <a href="/facts/Black_Enterprise/drUdE9ex">Black Enterprise</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a>
While at college, Reed <a href="/facts/Internship/IT2WCE7P">interned</a> for Congressman <a href="/facts/Joseph_Patrick_Kennedy_II/K9aXBPJn">Joseph Patrick Kennedy II</a>. During his internship he learned about a federal dollar-for-dollar <a href="/facts/Matching_funds/Q21nzy6y">matching grant</a> program. In his senior year and as the undergraduate <a href="/facts/Trustee/HILmJd9c">trustee</a> on the university's board of trustees, he instituted a $15-per-semester student fee increase to be matched by the federal grant, with monies to be earmarked for the university's endowment. The fees were expected to total nearly $300,000 per semester.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15">15</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16">16</a> The estimate was conservative in the sense that it only assumes the fees from slightly more than 75% of the 12,000 students.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17">17</a> The four-year totals would approach a $2.4 million addition to the endowment.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18">18</a> Reed earned a <a href="/facts/Bachelor_of_Arts/2pa1nwfR">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree in political science in 1991. He earned his <a href="/facts/Juris_Doctor/IcnGQNTB">Juris Doctor</a> degree from <a href="/facts/Howard_University_School_of_Law/lFIYEhED">Howard University School of Law</a> in 1995.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a> In 2002 Reed was appointed as the youngest general trustee to serve on Howard's board of trustees and continues to serve on that board.

<h2 id="legal-career">Legal career</h2>
After graduation from law school Reed joined the law firm of <a href="/facts/Paul%2c_Hastings%2c_Janofsky_%2526_Walker_LLP/bYe2SpQy">Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a> and later became a <a href="/facts/Partner_(business_rank)/h9Vpa52I">partner</a> at <a href="/facts/Holland_%2526_Knight_LLP/srjj69Ch">Holland & Knight LLP</a>, both law firms being international firms with offices in Atlanta.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a>

<h2 id="political-career">Political career</h2>
<h3>Georgia State Representative</h3>
Henrietta Canty was a member of the <a href="/facts/Georgia_House_of_Representatives/E0Q7VRfK">Georgia House of Representatives</a> for the 52nd district during 1975–80 and 1990–98, resigning in 1998 to run for Georgia State Insurance Commissioner.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23">23</a> Seven candidates vied for her seat in the July 21, 1998 Democratic <a href="/facts/Partisan_primary/rTfSBXDc">primary election</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24">24</a> Reed was the leading vote-getter with 36.6% of the vote, finishing well ahead of community leaders Horace Mann Bond and Eric V. Thomas, the second and third-place finishers, respectively.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25">25</a> This resulted in a head-to-head August 11 run-off election, which Reed won with 60.6% of the vote, against the second-place finisher, Horace Mann Bond II, who had received 19.1% of the vote in July.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26">26</a> Reed ran unopposed in the November 3 general election and won the Assembly seat.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27">27</a>
Reed ran a re-election campaign in 2000, when he was challenged by Clarence Canty, the son of Henrietta Canty.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28">28</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29">29</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30">30</a> Reed won the July 18, 2000, Democratic primary by a large margin, with 77.0% of the vote, winning by a 12.7% margin.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31">31</a> In the November 7, 2000, general election he ran unopposed.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32">32</a> In the House of Representatives, he represented a predominately African-American constituency in south Atlanta.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33">33</a> Reed served as a member of the House Judiciary, Education, and Congressional and Legislative Reapportionment Committees.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34">34</a>
While in office, in 2001 Reed served as the <a href="/facts/Campaign_manager/hPxBaSF7">campaign manager</a> for <a href="/facts/Shirley_Franklin/FUdNbE99">Shirley Franklin</a>'s successful election campaign to become the 58th <a href="/facts/Mayor_of_Atlanta/W3fdkxmo">mayor of Atlanta</a>. As a campaign manager in an election occurring in the shadow of the <a href="/facts/September_11_attacks/PfWQcQNx">September 11 attacks</a>, he surveyed potential voters' perceptions of the propriety of the campaign's advertising broadcasts. At the time certain ads were thought to focus on sensitive topics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35">35</a> After winning the election, Franklin chose Reed as one of two co-chairs on her transition team. In this role he was charged with identifying and reviewing candidates for <a href="/facts/Cabinet_(government)/TCxgeLSj">cabinet</a>-level positions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36">36</a>
For the 2000 election, House District 52 had been entirely contained in <a href="/facts/Fulton_County%2c_Georgia/tDqd6RdF">Fulton County</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37">37</a> After the decennary <a href="/facts/Redistricting/AyJPwmxg">redistricting</a>, the 52nd district was entirely within <a href="/facts/DeKalb_County%2c_Georgia/1tVcuczV">DeKalb County</a> for the November 5, 2002, election which was won by Fran Millar.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38">38</a>

<h3>Georgia State Senator</h3>
In 2000 the 35th Georgia State Senate District was entirely contained in Fulton County, and State Senator Donzella James was an uncontested Democrat in the November 7 general election.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39">39</a> In 2002 four-term incumbent senator James vacated the seat and contested <a href="/facts/David_Scott_(Georgia_politician)/vl8FYkjQ">David Scott</a> and other contenders for the <a href="/facts/Georgia%2527s_13th_congressional_district/6tBM47WB">Georgia's 13th congressional district</a>, which was created after the <a href="/facts/2000_United_States_Census/oFBpAEqK">2000 census</a> when Georgia added two new congressional districts.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40">40</a> When Reed first ran for election in the 35 state senate district in the 2002 Democratic primary, it included 19 <a href="/facts/Electoral_precinct/v2rWP4Re">precincts</a> in <a href="/facts/Douglas_County%2c_Georgia/LBQCSmEU">Douglas County, Georgia</a>, and 333 in Fulton County.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41">41</a> The district includes the southern portion of Fulton County (<a href="/facts/Atlanta%2c_Georgia/8hPVGb78">Atlanta</a>, <a href="/facts/Alpharetta%2c_Georgia/6CFqSbK6">Alpharetta</a>, <a href="/facts/College_Park%2c_Georgia/RXz7NDHV">College Park</a>, <a href="/facts/East_Point%2c_Georgia/GWABQHo4">East Point</a>, <a href="/facts/Fairburn%2c_Georgia/HMCV1pVf">Fairburn</a>, <a href="/facts/Hapeville%2c_Georgia/gNqychIH">Hapeville</a>, <a href="/facts/Mountain_Park%2c_Fulton_County%2c_Georgia/VAqFqnFU">Mountain Park</a>, <a href="/facts/Palmetto%2c_Georgia/LoBJ6ujL">Palmetto</a>, <a href="/facts/Roswell%2c_Georgia/hFqMbF37">Roswell</a>, <a href="/facts/Sandy_Springs%2c_Georgia/k5M8yDd1">Sandy Springs</a>, and <a href="/facts/Union_City%2c_Georgia/8AzA11Yb">Union City</a>) and the northeast portion of Douglas County (<a href="/facts/Douglasville%2c_Georgia/WDPnQDxk">Douglasville</a>, and <a href="/facts/Lithia_Springs%2c_Georgia/5vMv8gxx">Lithia Springs</a>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42">42</a> Reed won the district's five-way primary on August 20, 2002, with 65.8% of the vote,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43">43</a> and then he was uncontested in the November 5, 2002 general election.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44">44</a> In 2004 James challenged Reed for the seat she had held before him, but he won the July 20, 2004 Democratic primary election by a 58.8%–41.2% margin.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45">45</a> He ran unopposed in the November 2, 2004 general election,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46">46</a> and he also ran unopposed in his 2006 and 2008 primary and general elections.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47">47</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48">48</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49">49</a>
In January 2006, Reed introduced a bill to authorize scholastic teaching of the <a href="/facts/Textbook/9sunkH2y">textbook</a> The Bible and Its Influence by the non-partisan, <a href="/facts/Ecumenical/1Yyzv1zM">ecumenical</a> Bible Literacy Project. The bible curriculum bill, which came a few years after Democrats opposed Republican attempts to promote teaching a translation of the scriptures, was an attempt to preempt a Republican attempt to display the <a href="/facts/Ten_Commandments/ITBbgDuP">Ten Commandments</a> in schools. Faith is an area where Georgia Democrats differ from the national party.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50">50</a> The bill passed in the State Senate by a 50–1 margin on February 3,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51">51</a> and it eventually became law.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52">52</a>
Reed's committee assignments were the following: Senate Judiciary Committee, Special Judiciary Committee, Ethics Committee, Transportation Committee and the State and Local Government Operations Committee. He also serves as vice-chairman of the Georgia Senate Democratic Caucus. He has also served the Georgia Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee as its chairman.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53">53</a> In addition, he was a <a href="/facts/Partner_(business_rank)/h9Vpa52I">partner</a> at Holland & Knight LLP.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54">54</a> Previously, he worked in the music industry for <a href="/facts/Paul_Hastings/bYe2SpQy">Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55">55</a>

<h3>Mayor of Atlanta</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/2009_Atlanta_elections/QU8p0uSm">2009 Atlanta elections</a>

A month before the February 5, 2008 <a href="/facts/Super_Tuesday%2c_2008/uUqvIybF">Super Tuesday</a> <a href="/facts/Georgia_Democratic_primary%2c_2008/XCdSn6Rs">Georgia Democratic primary</a>, Reed endorsed <a href="/facts/Barack_Obama/76wUMgL1">Barack Obama</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56">56</a> In March 2008, Reed announced an exploratory committee, named ONE Atlanta, to investigate his viability as a candidate in the 2009 Atlanta mayoral election.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57">57</a> Two-term <a href="/facts/Incumbent/Sght9xoT">incumbent</a> Mayor Franklin was <a href="/facts/Term_limit/PTy9KLlz">term limited</a> and could not run again.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58">58</a> His exploratory committee announcement was coupled with an announcement that he would be pursuing a <a href="/facts/Hillary_Clinton/dPzm9ru4">Hillary Clinton</a>-style coalition-building tour.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59">59</a> During the summer of 2008, ONE Atlanta announced that the exploratory committee had become a formal campaign committee.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60">60</a>
On September 1, Reed resigned from the Georgia Senate to run for mayor.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61">61</a> No candidate won a majority in the November 3 general election,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62">62</a> and <a href="/facts/Donzella_James/1jr3Mj3M">Donzella James</a> defeated Torrey O. Johnson in the runoff election on December 1 to replace Reed.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63">63</a>
In the November 3, 2009 election, Reed qualified for a December 1 <a href="/facts/Runoff_election/2sFF4NBG">runoff election</a> against <a href="/facts/Mary_Norwood/Qe1lHkzV">Mary Norwood</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64">64</a> According to <a href="/facts/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution/kUoXK0TL">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a>, Reed had a winning majority in the runoff election that seemed destined to be contested by a recount.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65">65</a> <a href="/facts/The_New_York_Times/T9marWVX">The New York Times</a> described the race as too close to call with 98 to 99 percent of the votes counted and Reed leading by only 620 of the 84,000 votes cast.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66">66</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67">67</a> On December 9 after the completion of a recount Reed was declared the winner by a margin of 714 votes, after which Mary Norwood officially conceded.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68">68</a> Reed took office on January 4, 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69">69</a>
<a href="/facts/Thomas_Friedman/QmdhAhzo">Thomas Friedman</a> has praised Reed in The New York Times for balancing the city's budget by limiting the pensions of city employees. This money was instead spent on the police force, as well as on community centers in poor neighborhoods (rather than on reversing the 42% increase in <a href="/facts/Property_tax/S0Euhhxq">property taxes</a> passed in 2009). He praises Reed as "combining a soft touch with a hard head".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70">70</a>
Reed announced his campaign for re-election as mayor on August 26, 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71">71</a> He was elected to a second term on November 5, 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72">72</a>

<h4>Bribery charges and federal indictment</h4>
In February 2017, Reed fired the city's chief procurement officer after two city contractors pleaded guilty to federal bribery charges.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73">73</a> At a February 9 news conference, Reed insisted, "I have never taken a bribe", and gave reporters physical access to 406 boxes of documents that had been demanded by federal investigators.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74">74</a>
On August 15, 2018, Katrina Taylor-Parks pleaded guilty to conspiring to accept bribe payments while serving as the City of Atlanta's Deputy Chief of Staff to the Mayor Kasim Reed for approximately eight years. She was sentenced to five years in prison.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75">75</a> Atlanta's top purchasing officer, Adam Smith, received a reduced sentence of 27 months in prison.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76">76</a> In a separate hearing, Mitzi Bickers, the former Human Services Director and campaign advisor of Mayor Reed is accused of taking over 2 million dollars in bribes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77">77</a>

<h2 id="policy-positions">Policy positions</h2>
<h3>Georgia state flag</h3>

Since the 1990s, the official <a href="/facts/Flag_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)/lbHXoyJB">State Flag of Georgia</a> had been a center of controversy as it incorporated the historic Confederate flag dating to the American Civil War, which among some people is thought to symbolize resistance to cultural changes in the state. After 2001 changes to the flag which removed this, <a href="/facts/Governor_of_Georgia/64AIhSph">Governor of Georgia</a> <a href="/facts/Roy_Barnes/7eNrYgNv">Roy Barnes</a>, who had led the flag-redesign effort, was defeated for re-election; many thought it was the result of the political backlash. The 1956 version with the <a href="/facts/Confederate_States_of_America/jMSDM4q3">Confederate States of America</a> battle emblem, known as a <a href="/facts/Saltire/5kG0mdDF">St. Andrew's cross</a>, was a continuing topic of debate for southern heritage proponents.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78">78</a>
Reed served as one of Governor <a href="/facts/Sonny_Perdue/KAKk1BKs">Sonny Perdue</a>'s floor leaders in debates that led to the ratification of the current (2003) version of the state flag.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79">79</a>
Reed's leadership in dealmaking with Senate Republicans kept the 1956 version of the flag off Perdue's statewide <a href="/facts/Referendum/DaF49jCL">referendum</a> on the flag in 2003.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80">80</a> The referendum was originally a two-part referendum pitting the 2001 version of the flag against the proposed version and conditional on failed ratification of a new flag considering other flags including the 1956 version. Under this format if the legislators did not approve the newly designed flag over the existing one they could have pursued other designs including the one with the controversial 1956 version of the flag. Reed and a contingent of black legislators from Atlanta limited the referendum to a single vote of preference between the 2003 version and the 2001 version.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81">81</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82">82</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83">83</a>

<h3>Gay marriage</h3>
On May 21, 2009, Reed caused controversy in Atlanta's <a href="/facts/LGBT/WhVPgNDn">LGBT</a> community when he stated that he supported <a href="/facts/Civil_union_in_the_United_States/8DcqEosk">civil unions</a> for gays, but not <a href="/facts/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States/sBMNASEK">gay marriage</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84">84</a> In December 2012, however, Reed announced his support for marriage equality for same-sex couples.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85">85</a>
In January 2015, Reed fired Atlanta Fire Chief Kelvin Cochran following Cochran's self-publication and distribution of a book without permission from Reed or the city's Ethics Department. However, Cochran did obtain permission from Nina Hickson, the City of Atlanta's Ethics Officer. The book, in expressing his interpretation of Christian teaching, describes homosexuality as a "perversion." Cochran wrote and self-published the book in 2013. There remain questions regarding whether Mayor Reed knew of the book and its contents before Cochran was fired. Cochran has since filed suit in federal court alleging wrongful termination.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86">86</a> This case has been decided in favor of Kevin Cochran and the City of Atlanta has agreed to a $1.2 million settlement.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87">87</a>
In June 2015, Reed praised the Supreme Court's <a href="/facts/Obergefell_v._Hodges/WjnT6C2M">ruling in favor of same-sex marriage</a> and ordered Atlanta City Hall to be lit in rainbow colors in celebration of what he called "a momentous victory for freedom, equality, and love."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88">88</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89">89</a>

<h3>Transportation investment tax</h3>
Along with Georgia Governor <a href="/facts/Nathan_Deal/y8vtlVxo">Nathan Deal</a>, Reed was a major proponent of a campaign for a <a href="/facts/Special-purpose_local-option_sales_tax/A4mJEwfW">transportation special-purpose local-option sales tax</a>, which would have levied a 1% local <a href="/facts/Sales_tax/0yo5u4qh">sales tax</a> for ten years, from 2013 until 2022, to fund transportation infrastructure projects.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90">90</a> Reed said that the passage of the referendum would add jobs and alleviate congestion in the city, while "failing to pass the measure would be economically damaging" for Atlanta. The proposal was defeated in a referendum, however. Reed stated that he would "work with opponents on the next plan to ease congestion."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91">91</a>

<h2 id="awards-and-recognition">Awards and recognition</h2>
Mayor Reed's civic leadership and service have been nationally recognized in publications such as the <a href="/facts/Atlanta_Journal-Constitution/kUoXK0TL">Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a>, the <a href="/facts/Washington_Post/dRvzvqJc">Washington Post</a>, the <a href="/facts/New_York_Times/T9marWVX">New York Times</a>, <a href="/facts/Ebony_(magazine)/0r2EeRY1">Ebony</a>, and <a href="/facts/Black_Enterprise/drUdE9ex">Black Enterprise</a>. He was selected as one of <a href="/facts/Georgia_Trend/16AIGN7x">Georgia Trend</a> magazine's "40 under 40 Rising Stars" in 2001, one of "10 Outstanding Atlantans" in Outstanding Atlanta, a member of the Leadership Georgia Class of 2000, and a board member of the Metropolitan Atlanta Arts Fund. 2011, he received an honorary degree in Doctor of Laws from <a href="/facts/Oglethorpe_University/3S5yNJSG">Oglethorpe University</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92">92</a>
In 2017, the <a href="/facts/Atlanta_Hawks/2QX8KhMK">Atlanta Hawks</a> retired the jersey number 59 in honor of Reed who was involved with the team throughout his tenure.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93">93</a>

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_mayors_of_the_largest_50_US_cities/QLvlqCPP">List of mayors of the largest 50 US cities</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kasim Reed.

<ul><li><a href="http://www.atlantaga.gov/index.aspx?page=16">City of Atlanta Online – Mayor's Office</a></li>
<li><a href="http://kasimreed.com/">Kasim Reed for Mayor</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081016125756/http://kasimreed.com/">Archived</a> October 16, 2008, at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/atlanta-mayor-reed.html">CityMayors profile</a></li>
<li></li>
<li><a href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/17598">Profile</a> at <a href="/facts/Vote_Smart/0coBwf4q">Vote Smart</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?9266437">Appearances</a> on <a href="/facts/C-SPAN/MdgMU5eM">C-SPAN</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">Suggs, Ernie (January 4, 2017). "5 things you need to know about Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on February 12, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/news/things-you-need-know-about-atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed/ZndRBcIWb1imDBcA5BvPHP/" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/news/things-you-need-know-about-atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed/ZndRBcIWb1imDBcA5BvPHP/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">"Mayor Kasim Reed's wife gives birth to baby girl". June 6, 2014. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved May 18, 2022. <a href="https://atlantadailyworld.com/2014/06/06/mayor-kasim-reeds-wife-gives-birth-to-baby-girl/" target="_blank">https://atlantadailyworld.com/2014/06/06/mayor-kasim-reeds-wife-gives-birth-to-baby-girl/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">Nobles, Wilborn. "Former Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed officially announces bid to seek old post". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved September 30, 2021. <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta-news/former-atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed-officially-announces-reelection-bid/SNATZL2F55EKFN2ZHPY5SRLXQE/" target="_blank">https://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta-news/former-atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed-officially-announces-reelection-bid/SNATZL2F55EKFN2ZHPY5SRLXQE/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">"'A reckoning': Kasim Reed's comeback collapses with third-place finish". Archived from the original on November 4, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021. <a href="https://www.ajc.com/politics/politics-blog/a-reckoning-kasim-reeds-comeback-collapses-with-third-place-finish/LYHBKPQ2LRDJ3I45N7OLA6NUIM/" target="_blank">https://www.ajc.com/politics/politics-blog/a-reckoning-kasim-reeds-comeback-collapses-with-third-place-finish/LYHBKPQ2LRDJ3I45N7OLA6NUIM/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">"Mohammed Kasim Reed – Lawyer Profile". Martindale-Hubbell.com. LexisNexis. Archived from the original on May 30, 2009. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://www.martindale.com/M-Kasim-Reed/866758-lawyer.htm" target="_blank">http://www.martindale.com/M-Kasim-Reed/866758-lawyer.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">"Senator Kasim Reed – District 35" (PDF). legis.state.ga.us. Georgia State Legislature. February 2007. Retrieved November 29, 2008.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">"Mr. Reed Goes to Washington?" – Georgia Rising Stars, Super Lawyers, October 2005 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130419005949/http://www.superlawyers.com/georgia/article/Mr-Reed-Goes-to-Washington/6e9c504a-703a-404c-b3be-1eed4e2d1041.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130419005949/http://www.superlawyers.com/georgia/article/Mr-Reed-Goes-to-Washington/6e9c504a-703a-404c-b3be-1eed4e2d1041.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">"Senator Kasim Reed – District 35" (PDF). legis.state.ga.us. Georgia State Legislature. February 2007. Retrieved November 29, 2008.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">Williams, Dick (March 11, 1989). "Ousting Atwater Is Costly Error by Howard Students". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB7C3C074D20704&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB7C3C074D20704&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">"AfricanAncestry.com Unlocks Ancestral Roots of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Marcus Garvey Using DNA and Their Living Descendents". Businesswire (Press release). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015. <a href="http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20101001005092/en/AfricanAncestry.com-Unlocks-Ancestral-Roots-Dr.-Martin-Luther#.VQmyfp81jqB" target="_blank">http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20101001005092/en/AfricanAncestry.com-Unlocks-Ancestral-Roots-Dr.-Martin-Luther#.VQmyfp81jqB</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">"In Atlanta, some black voters weigh backing city's first white woman mayor". Christian Science Monitor. December 4, 2017. Archived from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020. <a href="https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2017/1204/In-Atlanta-some-black-voters-weigh-backing-city-s-first-white-woman-mayor" target="_blank">https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2017/1204/In-Atlanta-some-black-voters-weigh-backing-city-s-first-white-woman-mayor</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">Williams, Dick (March 11, 1989). "Ousting Atwater Is Costly Error by Howard Students". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB7C3C074D20704&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB7C3C074D20704&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">Gardner, Katie (April 9, 1989). "Student Entrepreneur – Minding Their Own Business". Washington Post. Newsbank. Retrieved November 28, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB28197A4AAFA17&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB28197A4AAFA17&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">Ladner, Joyce (December 16, 1990). "The Killing Fields of D.C. – Are We Crossing A Line Into Anarchy? How Can We Cross Back?". Washington Post. Newsbank. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB2828D220D6DBB&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB2828D220D6DBB&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">DePalma, Anthony (June 14, 1991). "In a Year of Adversity, Good Turns on Campus". New York Times. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2008. <a href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE2D71430F937A25755C0A967958260" target="_blank">https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE2D71430F937A25755C0A967958260</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">"Increase Approved in Howard U. Fees". Washington Post. Newsbank. May 2, 1991. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB282C9A1E96167&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB282C9A1E96167&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">"Initiative for independence". Washington Times. Newsbank. May 16, 1991. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WSTB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB0EF3CF2811C1C&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WSTB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB0EF3CF2811C1C&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">"Howard Students Give Endowment Fund A Lift". Washington Post. Newsbank. June 6, 1991. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB282D58FDE277A&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:WPIW&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EB282D58FDE277A&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">Saporta, Maria (October 29, 2012). "Mayor Kasim Reed's college decision Moment prompted a year of silence with his father". Sarasota Report. Archived from the original on July 10, 2017. Retrieved July 27, 2017. <a href="http://saportareport.com/mayor-kasim-reeds-college-decision-moment-prompted-a-year-of-silence-with-his-father/" target="_blank">http://saportareport.com/mayor-kasim-reeds-college-decision-moment-prompted-a-year-of-silence-with-his-father/</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">"Georgia General Assembly: 2003–2004 Session: Senator Kasim Reed (D-SS 35)". Georgia General Assembly. December 31, 2004. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">"Georgia General Assembly: 2003–2004 Session: Senator Kasim Reed (D-SS 35)". Georgia General Assembly. December 31, 2004. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">"Senator Kasim Reed – District 35" (PDF). legis.state.ga.us. Georgia State Legislature. February 2007. Retrieved November 29, 2008.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:23">Powell, Kay (November 11, 2002). "Obituaries: Atlanta: Henrietta Canty, 74, former House member". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F73DAF1591E1811&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F73DAF1591E1811&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:24">Crenshaw, Holly (July 9, 1998). "Voters Guide 1998 – State House District 52 – Crowded field vying for name recognition". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA3CD01EAB223&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA3CD01EAB223&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:25">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the July 21, 1998 Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. July 29, 1998. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/1998_0721/0012910.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/1998_0721/0012910.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:26">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the August 11, 1998 Primary Runoff Election". Georgia Secretary of State. August 18, 1998. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/1998_0811/0012910.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/1998_0811/0012910.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:27">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 3, 1998 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. November 20, 1998. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/1998_1103/0013000.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/1998_1103/0013000.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:28">Wooten, Jim (October 7, 1998). "Gatekeepers At Work – No reason to go where there are no votes". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2009. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA3F25FB25E90&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA3F25FB25E90&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:29">"Voters Guide – Candidates in the July 18 primary provide background information and answer questions". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Newsbank. July 13, 2000. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2009. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA5388D09CBC5&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA5388D09CBC5&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:30">"Fulton Qualifying Candidates". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution. Newsbank. May 4, 2000. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2009. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA51F1B51D147&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0EADA51F1B51D147&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:31">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the July 18, 2000 Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. July 27, 2000. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_0718/0012110.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_0718/0012110.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:32">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 7, 2000 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. November 17, 2000. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_1107/0012300.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_1107/0012300.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:33">Sengupta, Somini (September 30, 2000). "Urbane Atlanta Considers the Color of Its Late-Night Revelry". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2008. <a href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950CE2DC143DF933A0575AC0A9669C8B63" target="_blank">https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950CE2DC143DF933A0575AC0A9669C8B63</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:34">"Georgia General Assembly: 2003–2004 Session: Senator Kasim Reed (D-SS 35)". Georgia General Assembly. December 31, 2004. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:35">Berke, Richard L. (November 5, 2001). "A Nation Challenged: The Elections; Local Candidates Everywhere Focus on Terrorism". New York Times. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2008. <a href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9503E6D71439F936A35752C1A9679C8B63" target="_blank">https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9503E6D71439F936A35752C1A9679C8B63</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:36">"Senator Kasim Reed – District 35" (PDF). legis.state.ga.us. Georgia State Legislature. February 2007. Retrieved November 29, 2008.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:37">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 7, 2000 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. November 17, 2000. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_1107/0012300.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_1107/0012300.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:38">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 5, 2002 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. December 24, 2002. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_1105/0014600.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_1105/0014600.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:39">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 7, 2000 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. November 17, 2000. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_1107/0005000.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2000_1107/0005000.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:40">"Voters Guide 2002: U.S. House State House and State Senate Contested Races". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. August 15, 2002. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F56D6E80B05D4AE&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F56D6E80B05D4AE&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:41">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the August 20, 2002 Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. August 27, 2002. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_0820/0005910.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_0820/0005910.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:42">"District 35: Kasim Reed – D". legis.state.ga.us. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080530203918/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/district35.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080530203918/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/district35.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:43">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the August 20, 2002 Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. August 27, 2002. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_0820/0005910.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_0820/0005910.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:44">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 5, 2002 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. December 24, 2002. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_1105/0005900.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2002_1105/0005900.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:45">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the July 20, 2004 Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. December 13, 2005. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2004_0720/0005010.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2004_0720/0005010.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:46">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the November 2, 2004 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. December 21, 2005. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2004_1102/051.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2004_1102/051.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:47">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the July 18, 2006 Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. August 10, 2006. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2006_0718/0005810.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2006_0718/0005810.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:48">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the Tuesday, November 07, 2006 General Election". Georgia Secretary of State. November 16, 2006. Archived from the original on November 30, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2006_1107/064.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/ELECTIONS/election_results/2006_1107/064.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:49">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the Tuesday, July 15, 2008 General Primary Election". Georgia Secretary of State. September 25, 2008. Archived from the original on November 27, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2008_0715/06402.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2008_0715/06402.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:50">Kirkpatrick, David D. (January 27, 2006). "Democrats in 2 Southern States Push Bills on Bible Study". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 23, 2016. Retrieved January 15, 2009. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/27/politics/27religion.html?" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/27/politics/27religion.html?</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:51">Gutierrez, Bridget (February 4, 2006). "Legislature 2006: Senate approves Bible classes in public schools". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2009. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=10F91A17FB51DA20&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=10F91A17FB51DA20&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:52">Gutierrez, Bridget (December 22, 2006). "State little help with Bible classes Law requires school board to create courses, but local systems are on their own to figure out how to do it". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2009. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=1162E7A8F72445A0&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=1162E7A8F72445A0&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:53">"Senator Kasim Reed – District 35" (PDF). legis.state.ga.us. Georgia State Legislature. February 2007. Retrieved November 29, 2008.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:54">"Senator Kasim Reed – District 35" (PDF). legis.state.ga.us. Georgia State Legislature. February 2007. Retrieved November 29, 2008.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2007_08/senate/reedprintbio.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:55">"Georgia General Assembly: 2003–2004 Session: Senator Kasim Reed (D-SS 35)". Georgia General Assembly. December 31, 2004. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080919115354/http://www.legis.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/peo_detail.pl?Leg=gass35</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:56">Galloway, Jim (January 7, 2008). "Kasim Reed joins Obama's supporting ranks". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on March 24, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/01/07/kasim_reed_joins_obamas_suppor.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/01/07/kasim_reed_joins_obamas_suppor.html</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:57">Galloway, Jim (March 3, 2008). "Kasim Reed takes first step toward Atlanta mayoral bid". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:58">Williams, Dave (August 11, 2008). "Lisa Borders out of Atlanta mayor's race". Atlanta Business Chronicle. American City Business Journals. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://atlanta.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2008/08/11/daily9.html" target="_blank">http://atlanta.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2008/08/11/daily9.html</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:59">Galloway, Jim (March 3, 2008). "Kasim Reed takes first step toward Atlanta mayoral bid". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:60">"Georgia State Senator Kasim Reed Nears $200,000 In Contributions For First 41 Days of Atlanta Mayoral Campaign". Kasim Reed for Mayor, Inc. July 8, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008. [dead link] <a href="http://kasimreed.com/7808.html" target="_blank">http://kasimreed.com/7808.html</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:61">Stirgus, Eric (September 2, 2009). "Authors defend mayor memo Writers say document misinterpreted. Mayoral candidates and Mayor Franklin decry 'black agenda' message". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. p. B1. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2009. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=12A7893AFAA83088&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=12A7893AFAA83088&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:61" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:62">"Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the Tuesday, November 03, 2009 Special Election". Georgia Secretary of State. November 10, 2009. Archived from the original on December 7, 2009. Retrieved December 2, 2009. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2009_1103/064.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2009_1103/064.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:62" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:63">"Georgia Election Results: Unofficial And Incomplete Results of the Tuesday, December 01, 2009 Special Election Runoff". Georgia Secretary of State. December 1, 2009. Archived from the original on December 3, 2009. Retrieved December 2, 2009. <a href="http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2009_1201/064.htm" target="_blank">http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2009_1201/064.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:63" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:64">Dewan, Shaila (November 4, 2009). "Atlanta's Race for Mayor Heads to a Runoff". New York Times. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved November 6, 2009. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/us/politics/04atlanta.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/us/politics/04atlanta.html</a> <a href="#fnref:64" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:65">Stirgus Eric, and Ernie Suggs (December 2, 2009). "Atlanta mayor: Reed leads in early returns". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved December 2, 2009. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta-mayor-reed-leads-221877.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta-mayor-reed-leads-221877.html</a> <a href="#fnref:65" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:66">Dewan, Shaila (December 2, 2009). "Atlanta Mayoral Race Too Close to Call". New York Times Company. p. A20. Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Retrieved December 2, 2009. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/02/us/02atlanta.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/02/us/02atlanta.html</a> <a href="#fnref:66" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:67">"Atlanta Mayor's Race May Head for Recount". New York Times Company. December 2, 2009. Retrieved December 2, 2009. [dead link] <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2009/12/02/us/AP-US-Atlanta-Mayor.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2009/12/02/us/AP-US-Atlanta-Mayor.html</a> <a href="#fnref:67" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:68">"Reed in, Norwood concedes. New dawn for Atlanta | ajc.com". Archived from the original on December 13, 2009. Retrieved December 10, 2009. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta/reed-in-norwood-concedes-234950.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta/reed-in-norwood-concedes-234950.html</a> <a href="#fnref:68" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:69">Suggs, Ernie. "Reed sworn in as Atlanta's new mayor". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on January 7, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/news/reed-sworn-in-as-266446.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/news/reed-sworn-in-as-266446.html</a> <a href="#fnref:69" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:70">Friedman, Thomas L. (December 26, 2010). "Cut Here. Invest There". New York Times. p. WK14. Archived from the original on November 21, 2018. Retrieved December 29, 2010. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/opinion/26friedman.html?src=me&ref=general" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/opinion/26friedman.html?src=me&ref=general</a> <a href="#fnref:70" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:71">Bell, Craig (August 26, 2013). "Mayor Kasim Reed announces candidacy for re-election". WGCL. Archived from the original on August 26, 2013. Retrieved August 26, 2013. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130826180608/http://www.cbsatlanta.com/story/23254736/mayor-kasim-reed-to-announce-candidacy-for-re-election" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130826180608/http://www.cbsatlanta.com/story/23254736/mayor-kasim-reed-to-announce-candidacy-for-re-election</a> <a href="#fnref:71" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:72">"Results: Atlanta mayor Kasim Reed re-elected to second term". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. November 3, 2013. Archived from the original on July 13, 2015. Retrieved July 23, 2015. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/news/news/local/results-atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed-re-elected-second/nbjjN/" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/news/news/local/results-atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed-re-elected-second/nbjjN/</a> <a href="#fnref:72" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:73">Fausset, Richard (February 22, 2017). "Crude Threats and Bribery Stir Unease in Atlanta". The New York Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on February 22, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/us/unease-spreads-in-atlanta-as-a-city-contracting-scandal-brews.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/us/unease-spreads-in-atlanta-as-a-city-contracting-scandal-brews.html</a> <a href="#fnref:73" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:74">Fausset, Richard (February 22, 2017). "Crude Threats and Bribery Stir Unease in Atlanta". The New York Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on February 22, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/us/unease-spreads-in-atlanta-as-a-city-contracting-scandal-brews.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/us/unease-spreads-in-atlanta-as-a-city-contracting-scandal-brews.html</a> <a href="#fnref:74" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:75">King, Doug (August 15, 2018). "Ex-Mayor's deputy chief of staff pleads guilty in City Hall Bribery Scandal". 11Alive. p. A1. Retrieved August 18, 2018.[permanent dead link] <a href="https://www.11alive.com/article/news/local/ex-mayors-deputy-chief-of-staff-pleads-guilty-in-city-hall-bribery-scandal/85-584352099.html" target="_blank">https://www.11alive.com/article/news/local/ex-mayors-deputy-chief-of-staff-pleads-guilty-in-city-hall-bribery-scandal/85-584352099.html</a> <a href="#fnref:75" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:76">Trubey, J. Scott (January 16, 2018). "Ex-city official gets 27 months in Atlanta bribery probe". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on August 21, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2018. <a href="https://www.myajc.com/news/local/city-official-gets-months-atlanta-bribery-probe/AHCQq5iL6Prydoh98xD18K/" target="_blank">https://www.myajc.com/news/local/city-official-gets-months-atlanta-bribery-probe/AHCQq5iL6Prydoh98xD18K/</a> <a href="#fnref:76" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:77">Trubey, J. Scott (July 10, 2018). "Atlanta bribery evidence against Mitzi Bickers includes recordings". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on August 21, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2018. <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local-govt--politics/atlanta-bribery-evidence-against-mitzi-bickers-includes-recordings/08yQmuNKyUObokBRGXGUQM/" target="_blank">https://www.ajc.com/news/local-govt--politics/atlanta-bribery-evidence-against-mitzi-bickers-includes-recordings/08yQmuNKyUObokBRGXGUQM/</a> <a href="#fnref:77" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:78">"Georgia Flag – Rally Resumes for 1956 Banner". The Augusta Chronicle. Newsbank. January 12, 2004. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AGCB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=10346A5D075EAD7C&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AGCB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=10346A5D075EAD7C&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:78" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:79">Galloway, Jim and Alan Judd (April 23, 2003). "Final salute eludes flag- Late flap sends issue to House". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0FA99066AA984110&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0FA99066AA984110&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:79" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:80">Galloway, Jim (March 3, 2008). "Kasim Reed takes first step toward Atlanta mayoral bid". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html</a> <a href="#fnref:80" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:81">Galloway, Jim (March 3, 2008). "Kasim Reed takes first step toward Atlanta mayoral bid". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2008. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/shared-blogs/ajc/politicalinsider/entries/2008/03/03/kasim_reed_takes_first_step_to.html</a> <a href="#fnref:81" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:82">Galloway, Jim and Tom Baxter (April 25, 2003). "Legislature 2003: Flag issue likely to flap till very end of session". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0FAA3CF661BE4538&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0FAA3CF661BE4538&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:82" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:83">Galloway, Jim (April 27, 2003). "Legislature 2003: Deal let both sides dodge Minie ball". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Newsbank. Archived from the original on July 17, 2022. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0FAAF578F180023B&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420" target="_blank">http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:AJBK&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0FAAF578F180023B&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420</a> <a href="#fnref:83" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:84">Schafer, Matt (May 29, 2009). "Atlanta Mayoral Candidates Court Gay Vote". Southern Voice. Archived from the original on June 3, 2009. Retrieved June 4, 2009. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603155207/http://www.sovo.com/2009/5-29/news/localnews/10159.cfm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090603155207/http://www.sovo.com/2009/5-29/news/localnews/10159.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:84" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:85">Mahtesian, Charles (December 11, 2012). "Atlanta Mayor Now Backs Gay Marriage". Politico. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2012. <a href="http://www.politico.com/blogs/charlie-mahtesian/2012/12/atlanta-mayor-now-backs-gay-marriage-151684.html" target="_blank">http://www.politico.com/blogs/charlie-mahtesian/2012/12/atlanta-mayor-now-backs-gay-marriage-151684.html</a> <a href="#fnref:85" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:86">"Reed: Atlanta fire chief terminated following book controversy". HuffingtonPost.com. January 6, 2015. Archived from the original on January 13, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015. <a href="http://www.ajc.com/news/news/reed-to-speak-about-atlanta-fire-chief-book-contro/njg9W/" target="_blank">http://www.ajc.com/news/news/reed-to-speak-about-atlanta-fire-chief-book-contro/njg9W/</a> <a href="#fnref:86" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:87">"Atlanta to pay $1.2 million to former fire chief after firing him, violating his First Amendment freedoms". October 15, 2018. Archived from the original on October 17, 2018. Retrieved October 16, 2018. <a href="http://www.adfmedia.org/News/PRDetail/9520" target="_blank">http://www.adfmedia.org/News/PRDetail/9520</a> <a href="#fnref:87" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:88">Tharpe, Jim (June 26, 2015). "Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed reacts to gay marriage ruling". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015. <a href="http://news.blog.ajc.com/2015/06/26/atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed-reacts-to-gay-marriage-ruling/" target="_blank">http://news.blog.ajc.com/2015/06/26/atlanta-mayor-kasim-reed-reacts-to-gay-marriage-ruling/</a> <a href="#fnref:88" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:89">Saunders, Patrick (June 30, 2015). "Atlanta City Hall to get the rainbow color treatment in honor of marriage ruling". Georgia Voice. Archived from the original on October 5, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015. <a href="http://thegavoice.com/atlanta-city-hall-to-get-the-rainbow-color-treatment-in-honor-of-marriage-ruling/" target="_blank">http://thegavoice.com/atlanta-city-hall-to-get-the-rainbow-color-treatment-in-honor-of-marriage-ruling/</a> <a href="#fnref:89" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:90">"Legislators Move to Plan B After TSPLOST Defeat". August 1, 2012. Archived from the original on November 8, 2012. Retrieved December 27, 2012. <a href="http://www.wsbtv.com/news/news/local/legislators-move-plan-b-after-tsplost-defeat/nP8cH/" target="_blank">http://www.wsbtv.com/news/news/local/legislators-move-plan-b-after-tsplost-defeat/nP8cH/</a> <a href="#fnref:90" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:91">"Metro Atlanta Voters Reject TSPLOST". WSB-TV Atlanta. August 1, 2012. Archived from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 27, 2012. <a href="http://www.wsbtv.com/news/news/local/polls-close-georgia-awaits-historic-transportation/nP7mF/" target="_blank">http://www.wsbtv.com/news/news/local/polls-close-georgia-awaits-historic-transportation/nP7mF/</a> <a href="#fnref:91" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:92">"Honorary Degrees Awarded by Oglethorpe University". Oglethorpe University. Archived from the original on March 19, 2015. Retrieved March 4, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319104000/http://www.oglethorpe.edu/about_us/history/honorary_degrees.asp" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150319104000/http://www.oglethorpe.edu/about_us/history/honorary_degrees.asp</a> <a href="#fnref:92" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:93">Trubey, Scott (October 27, 2017). "Atlanta Hawks to retire jersey for Mayor Kasim Reed". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved September 5, 2021. <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local/atlanta-hawks-retire-jersey-for-mayor-kasim-reed/DWOBGJ0Ur5ccXlLrhAuq8N/" target="_blank">https://www.ajc.com/news/local/atlanta-hawks-retire-jersey-for-mayor-kasim-reed/DWOBGJ0Ur5ccXlLrhAuq8N/</a> <a href="#fnref:93" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Kasim Reed open-in-new

Kasim Reed