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Chemical synthesis
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<p>Chemical synthesis (chemical combination) is the artificial execution of <a href="/facts/Chemical_reaction/GpqWlKrz">chemical reactions</a> to obtain one or several <a href="/facts/Product_(chemistry)/8uCoDUdv">products</a>. This occurs by <a href="/facts/Physics/a7aH2y08">physical</a> and chemical manipulations usually involving one or more reactions. In modern <a href="/facts/Laboratory/kqR3Vtx9">laboratory</a> uses, the process is <a href="/facts/Reproducible/yh5pawMj">reproducible</a> and reliable. </p><p>A chemical synthesis involves one or more <a href="/facts/Chemical_compound/37FXqqtv">compounds</a> (known as <i><a href="/facts/Reagent/c3GLInCu">reagents</a></i> or <i>reactants</i>) that will experience a transformation under certain conditions. <a href="/facts/List_of_reactions/8pkpSrfX">Various reaction types</a> can be applied to formulate a desired product. This requires mixing the compounds in a reaction vessel, such as a <a href="/facts/Chemical_reactor/asqApwa4">chemical reactor</a> or a simple <a href="/facts/Round-bottom_flask/LKnL9pFq">round-bottom flask</a>. Many reactions require some form of processing ("<a href="/facts/Work-up_(chemistry)/LURlLf4C">work-up</a>") or <a href="/facts/List_of_purification_methods_in_chemistry/fSh2XHfh">purification procedure</a> to isolate the final product. </p><p>The amount produced by chemical synthesis is known as the <i><a href="/facts/Yield_(chemistry)/fkBhd9dH">reaction yield</a></i>. Typically, yields are expressed as a <a href="/facts/Mass/HHdc8XmF">mass</a> in <a href="/facts/Gram/sRSW5RJb">grams</a> (in a laboratory setting) or as a percentage of the total theoretical quantity that could be produced based on the <a href="/facts/Limiting_reagent/Kg2XVd8P">limiting reagent</a>. A <i><a href="/facts/Side_reaction/HMJ8CYxH">side reaction</a></i> is an unwanted chemical reaction that can reduce the desired yield. The word <i>synthesis</i> was used first in a chemical context by the chemist <a href="/facts/Hermann_Kolbe/61hnX6Wx">Hermann Kolbe</a>. </p>