Pruning

Pruning is the selective removal of certain parts of a plant, such as <a href="/facts/Branch/byMv8JP3">branches</a>, <a href="/facts/Bud/0rgfAkTT">buds</a>, or <a href="/facts/Root/x2U60Gdm">roots</a>.
It is practiced in <a href="/facts/Horticulture/m8qBLuT3">horticulture</a> (especially <a href="/facts/Fruit_tree_pruning/bzAdIGcw">fruit tree pruning</a>), <a href="/facts/Arboriculture/khcsYvdE">arboriculture</a>, and <a href="/facts/Silviculture/ERfNCtHu">silviculture</a>.
The practice entails the targeted removal of <a href="/facts/Plant_pathology/h6DTufWF">diseased</a>, damaged, dead, non-productive, structurally unsound, or otherwise unwanted <a href="/facts/Tissue_(biology)/H7CpML7A">plant material</a> from <a href="/facts/Crop/JoQKR5R8">crop</a> and <a href="/facts/Landscape_plant/ImyCDwMW">landscape plants</a>. In general, the smaller the branch that is cut, the easier it is for a <a href="/facts/Woody_plant/xXCI9yys">woody plant</a> to <a href="/facts/CODIT/tM4nEmps">compartmentalize</a> the wound and thus limit the potential for <a href="/facts/Pathogen/axMXtV1M">pathogen</a> intrusion and <a href="/facts/Decomposition/6Bve4pgl">decay</a>. It is therefore preferable to make any necessary formative structural pruning cuts to young plants, rather than removing large, poorly placed branches from mature plants.
Woody plants may undergo a process referred to as self-pruning, where they will drop twigs or branches which are no longer producing more energy than they require. It is theorized that this process can also occur in response to lack of water, in order to reduce the surface area where water can be lost. This natural shedding of branches is called <a href="/facts/Cladoptosis/JKUF1Baj">cladoptosis</a>.
Specialized pruning practices may be applied to certain plants, such as <a href="/facts/Rose/00sLwePY">roses</a>, <a href="/facts/Fruit_tree_pruning/bzAdIGcw">fruit trees</a>, and <a href="/facts/Viticulture/oHWsKvuQ">grapevines</a>. Different pruning techniques may be used on herbaceous plants than those used on perennial woody plants.
Reasons to prune plants include deadwood removal, shaping (by controlling or redirecting growth), improving or sustaining health, reducing risk from falling branches, preparing <a href="/facts/Plant_nursery/xQbBgGSp">nursery</a> specimens for <a href="/facts/Transplanting/7KP9QrXs">transplanting</a>, and both <a href="/facts/Harvest/a4Lywf6p">harvesting</a> and increasing the yield or quality of flowers and fruits.

Pruning open-in-new

Pruning