Autism and memory

The relationship between <a href="/facts/Autism/6MTwMNoJ">autism</a> and memory, specifically memory functions in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is an ongoing topic of research. ASD is a <a href="/facts/Neurodevelopmental_disorder/vfBhK1S6">neurodevelopmental disorder</a> characterised by social <a href="/facts/Communication/EGEkchsT">communication</a> and <a href="/facts/Social_interaction/DU3HW2Ah">interaction</a> impairments, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. In this article, the word autism is used to refer to the whole range of conditions on the autism spectrum, which are not uncommon.
Although working difficulty is not part of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it is widely recognized that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly exhibit specific types of memory difficulties.
Autism can affect memory in complex and varied ways, with strengths and challenges depending on the individual. Many autistic people show strong semantic memory, excelling at recalling facts, details, or specific areas of interest, while episodic memory—recalling personal experiences, especially social or emotional ones—may be more difficult. Working memory, which involves holding and manipulating information short-term (Paytin), can also be weaker, particularly for verbal tasks. In contrast, visual and rote memory are often strengths, enabling some individuals to remember patterns, dates, or sequences with high accuracy. These memory differences can influence daily life, learning, and social interactions, but vary widely across the autism spectrum.

Autism and memory open-in-new

Autism and memory