Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Cardiovascular drift
open-in-new
<p>Cardiovascular drift (CVD, CVdrift) is the phenomenon where some <a href="/facts/Circulatory_system/EGs6Y7sI">cardiovascular</a> responses begin a time-dependent change, or "drift", after around 5–10 minutes of exercise in a warm or neutral environment 32 °C (90 °F)+ without an increase in workload. It is characterized by decreases in mean <a href="/facts/Blood_pressure/VtqqSM2J">arterial pressure</a> and <a href="/facts/Stroke_volume/juA5JeW8">stroke volume</a> and a parallel increase in <a href="/facts/Heart_rate/YngB0bzg">heart rate</a>. It has been shown that a reduction in stroke volume due to dehydration is almost always due to the increase in internal temperature. It is influenced by many factors, most notably the ambient temperature, internal temperature, <a href="/facts/Dehydration/2RXJ8GGI">hydration</a> and the amount of muscle tissue activated during exercise. To promote cooling, blood flow to the skin is increased, resulting in a shift in fluids from <a href="/facts/Blood_plasma/oHuwwugG">blood plasma</a> to the skin tissue. This results in a decrease in pulmonary arterial pressure and reduced stroke volume in the heart. To maintain <a href="/facts/Cardiac_output/7JCDn6Ht">cardiac output</a> at reduced pressure, the heart rate must be increased. </p><p>Effects of cardiovascular drift are mainly focused around a higher rate of perceived effort (RPE); that is, a person will feel like they are expending more energy when they are not. This creates a mental block that can inhibit performance greatly. </p><p>Cardiovascular drift is characterized by a decrease stroke volume and mean arterial pressure during prolonged exercise. A reduction in stroke volume is the decline in the volume of blood the heart is circulating, reducing the heart’s cardiac output. The stroke volume is reduced due to loss of fluids in the body, reducing the volume of blood in the body. This leads the increase in heart rate to compensate for the reduced cardiac output during exercise. This inefficient cardiac output leads to a decrease in the maximum amount of oxygen used by the body – <a href="/facts/VO2_max/5eCkeysG">VO2Max</a>. This affects exercise performance by reducing the amount of oxygen that is delivered to the muscles during exercise. </p>