Keystroke-level model

In <a href="/facts/Human%25E2%2580%2593computer_interaction/EkmIxGCx">human–computer interaction</a>, the keystroke-level model (KLM) predicts how long it will take an expert user to accomplish a routine task without errors using an interactive computer system. It was proposed by <a href="/facts/Stuart_K._Card/21k9G4cs">Stuart K. Card</a>, <a href="/facts/Thomas_P._Moran/6XVnWSI3">Thomas P. Moran</a> and <a href="/facts/Allen_Newell/61yUQ647">Allen Newell</a> in 1980 in the <a href="/facts/Communications_of_the_ACM/Ix1DvEAk">Communications of the ACM</a> and published in their book The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction in 1983, which is considered as a classic in the HCI field. The foundations were laid in 1974, when Card and Moran joined the <a href="/facts/PARC_(company)/fh2Su0k9">Palo Alto Research Center</a> (PARC) and created a group named Applied Information-Processing Psychology Project (AIP) with Newell as a consultant aiming to create an applied psychology of human-computer interaction. The keystroke-level model is still relevant today, which is shown by the recent research about mobile phones and touchscreens (see Adaptions).

Keystroke-level model open-in-new

Keystroke-level model