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Amide
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<p>In <a href="/facts/Organic_chemistry/djxhxaNg">organic chemistry</a>, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a <a href="/facts/Chemical_compound/37FXqqtv">compound</a> with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically <a href="/facts/Organyl/gqCNaN45">organyl</a> <a href="/facts/Functional_group/GXkSPsjM">groups</a> or <a href="/facts/Hydrogen/BoYHjl0J">hydrogen</a> atoms. The amide group is called a <a href="/facts/Peptide_bond/3FeX8M6q">peptide bond</a> when it is part of the <a href="/facts/Polymer_backbone/9Q3so597">main chain</a> of a <a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">protein</a>, and an <a href="/facts/Isopeptide_bond/tow46mFY">isopeptide bond</a> when it occurs in a <a href="/facts/Side_chain/Lw8KPAXn">side chain</a>, as in <a href="/facts/Asparagine/KYIft5Jd">asparagine</a> and <a href="/facts/Glutamine/t94zX4SK">glutamine</a>. It can be viewed as a <a href="/facts/Derivative_(chemistry)/JYcbLkbm">derivative</a> of a <a href="/facts/Carboxylic_acid/U4xuMosy">carboxylic acid</a> (R−C(=O)−OH) with the <a href="/facts/Hydroxyl/1Hs2QAEv">hydroxyl</a> group (−OH) replaced by an <a href="/facts/Amino/SN7W44fv">amino</a> group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an <a href="/facts/Acyl_group/1vRPrmUX">acyl (alkanoyl) group</a> (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group. </p><p>Common amides are <a href="/facts/Formamide/IP7mDEFF">formamide</a> (H−C(=O)−NH2), <a href="/facts/Acetamide/3coa1Ez5">acetamide</a> (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), <a href="/facts/Benzamide/5A15n2so">benzamide</a> (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and <a href="/facts/Dimethylformamide/wjI8UfB4">dimethylformamide</a> (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2). Some uncommon examples of amides are <i>N</i>-chloroacetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH−Cl) and chloroformamide (Cl−C(=O)−NH2). </p><p>Amides are qualified as <a href="/facts/Primary_(chemistry)/lGFRQSHh">primary</a>, <a href="/facts/Secondary_(chemistry)/KoxMGUgz">secondary</a>, and <a href="/facts/Tertiary_(chemistry)/2tdmz8wG">tertiary</a> according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom. </p>