Compact Disc Digital Audio

Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA or CD-DA), also known as Digital Audio Compact Disc or simply as Audio CD, is the <a href="/facts/Standardization/vS9AhNMS">standard</a> format for audio <a href="/facts/Compact_disc/g51GRloc">compact discs</a>. The standard is defined in the <a href="/facts/Rainbow_Books/vn52dP0N">Red Book</a> <a href="/facts/Technical_specification/xEMUsktp">technical specifications</a>, which is why the format is also dubbed "Redbook audio" in some contexts. CDDA utilizes <a href="/facts/Pulse-code_modulation/5gdfjtH3">pulse-code modulation</a> (PCM) and uses a <a href="/facts/44%2c100_Hz/7SBI1DYS">44,100 Hz</a> sampling frequency and 16-bit resolution, and was originally specified to store up to 74 minutes of <a href="/facts/Stereo/mFp93LMe">stereo</a> audio per disc.
The first commercially available audio <a href="/facts/CD_player/hp7dWc7l">CD player</a>, the <a href="/facts/Sony_CDP-101/kUgGPACg">Sony CDP-101</a>, was released in October 1982 in Japan. The format gained worldwide acceptance in 1983–84, selling more than a million CD players in its first two years, to play 22.5 million discs, before overtaking <a href="/facts/Phonograph_record/ccuFV9Af">records</a> and <a href="/facts/Cassette_tape/w8I5uyfs">cassette tapes</a> to become the dominant standard for commercial music. Peaking around year 2000, the audio CD contracted over the next decade due to rising popularity and revenue from <a href="/facts/Music_download/96QbSLNp">digital downloading</a>, and during the 2010s by <a href="/facts/Music_streaming_service/x7gDWdEG">digital music streaming</a>, but has remained as one of the primary distribution methods for the <a href="/facts/Music_industry/8qnJau3F">music industry</a>. In the United States, phonograph record revenues surpassed the CD in 2020 for the first time since the 1980s, but in other major markets like Japan it remains the premier music format by a distance and in Germany it outsold other physical formats at least fourfold in 2022.
In the music industry, audio CDs have been generally sold as either a <a href="/facts/CD_single/gnlnYqx7">CD single</a> (now largely dormant), or as full-length <a href="/facts/Album/WFW6z2fj">albums</a>, the latter of which has been more commonplace since the 2000s. The format has also been influential in the progression of <a href="/facts/Video_game_music/4WkNBtI5">video game music</a>, used in <a href="/facts/Mixed_Mode_CD/s3N8ohME">mixed mode</a> <a href="/facts/CD-ROM/JwuaYLJv">CD-ROMs</a>, providing CD-quality audio popularized during the 1990s on hardware such as <a href="/facts/PlayStation_(console)/z1vlbrvo">PlayStation</a>, <a href="/facts/Sega_Saturn/x9fhrGgk">Sega Saturn</a> and <a href="/facts/Personal_computers/koaYfNce">personal computers</a> with 16-bit <a href="/facts/Sound_cards/bxlF4YBa">sound cards</a> like the <a href="/facts/Sound_Blaster/tKl0zY5n">Sound Blaster 16</a>.

Compact Disc Digital Audio open-in-new

Compact Disc Digital Audio