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Fieldcraft
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<p>Fieldcraft comprises the techniques and methods involved in living, traveling, or making military or scientific observations in the field. The term "fieldcraft" is used in a broad range of industries including military, oil and gas, wildlife and food and agriculture. </p><p>In the anti-terrorism field, field craft is "the art of evading monitoring by police and the security services." Terror groups such as the one tracked by <i><a href="/facts/Operation_Guava/sEzA1HJ0">Operation Guava</a></i> were caught "despite their own well developed field craft." </p><p>The term has been used since at least World War II. For example, <a href="/facts/Diana_Rowden/UAyM7ah0">Diana Rowden</a>, a war hero, was described at the time as "very good in field craft and excellent with guns”. </p><p>Field skills include <a href="/facts/Camouflage/GSjGqPuR">camouflage</a>, land and water <a href="/facts/Navigation/sGGAJ0AQ">navigation</a>, understanding the difference between concealment from view and cover from small arms fire, using the terrain and its features to mask ground movement, <a href="/facts/Obstacle/fGDHuJxY">obstacle</a> crossing, selecting good firing positions, lying-up positions, camping positions, effective <a href="/facts/Observation/NTodmzCo">observation</a>, camouflage penetration, <a href="/facts/Countersurveillance/RXePm0VU">countersurveillance</a>, detecting enemy-fire directionality and range, <a href="/facts/Survival_skills/RlL2j3q9">survival</a>, evasion, and <a href="/facts/Escapology/WJIfmb1z">escape</a> techniques. </p><p>Good fieldcraft is especially important for the effectiveness and survival of <a href="/facts/Infantry/QAHDDQtk">infantry</a> soldiers, <a href="/facts/Snipers/jCTJcvwx">snipers</a>, <a href="/facts/Special_forces/KzAwTazD">special forces</a>, <a href="/facts/Reconnaissance/WbBwMhqs">reconnaissance</a> and <a href="/facts/Sabotage/R7IXqV4e">sabotage</a> teams. Efficient fieldcraft is only possible by spending time, effort, and attention to memorizing battlefield details, infiltration and escape routes, construction and employment of hiding positions, enemy force doctrines and equipment. </p>