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Bootstrap Protocol
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<p>The Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) is a <a href="/facts/Computer_network/3w5RM99p">computer networking</a> protocol used in <a href="/facts/Internet_Protocol/Qq6VeEal">Internet Protocol</a> networks to automatically assign an <a href="/facts/IP_address/z9V22Sw9">IP address</a> to network devices from a configuration server. The BOOTP was originally defined in <a href="/facts/RFC_(identifier)/esftTvE7">RFC</a> <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc951">951</a> published in 1985. </p><p>While some parts of BOOTP have been effectively superseded by the <a href="/facts/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol/lpASHnhz">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</a> (DHCP), which adds the feature of leases, parts of BOOTP are used to provide service to the DHCP protocol. Some DHCP servers also provide the legacy BOOTP functionality. </p><p>When a network-connected computer <a href="/facts/Booting/j6N1kRpc">boots</a> up, its IP stack broadcasts BOOTP network messages requesting an IP address assignment. A BOOTP configuration server replies to the request by assigning an IP address from a pool of addresses, which is preconfigured by an administrator. </p><p>BOOTP is implemented using the <a href="/facts/User_Datagram_Protocol/dxLU0D6q">User Datagram Protocol</a> (UDP) for transport. Port number 67 is used by the server for receiving client requests, and port number 68 is used by the client for receiving server responses. BOOTP operates only on <a href="/facts/IPv4/bnQ5MEqm">IPv4</a> networks. </p><p>Historically, BOOTP has also been used for <a href="/facts/Unix-like/YAKrAxzd">Unix-like</a> <a href="/facts/Diskless_workstation/fWUz9KyF">diskless workstations</a> to obtain the network location of their <a href="/facts/Boot_image/4jxf5rEP">boot image</a>, in addition to the IP address assignment. Enterprises used it to roll out a pre-configured client (e.g., <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Windows/bwhAhuSL">Windows</a>) installation to newly installed PCs. </p><p>Initially requiring the use of a boot <a href="/facts/Floppy_disk/rShxfuxa">floppy disk</a> to establish the initial network connection, manufacturers of network interfaces later embedded the protocol in the <a href="/facts/Firmware/62UVKIUK">firmware</a> of interface cards as well as system boards with on-board network interfaces, thus allowing direct network booting. </p>