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Reference.org
Lifting-line theory
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<p>The Lanchester–Prandtl lifting-line theory is a mathematical model in <a href="/facts/Aerodynamics/Cn6Lnl3H">aerodynamics</a> that predicts <a href="/facts/Lift_(force)/ehQKKaWP">lift</a> distribution over a three-dimensional <a href="/facts/Wing/6v6VAUT2">wing</a> from the wing's <a href="/facts/Shape/nww0x85d">geometry</a>. The theory was expressed independently by <a href="/facts/Frederick_W._Lanchester/aaLM7uNP">Frederick W. Lanchester</a> in 1907, and by <a href="/facts/Ludwig_Prandtl/I4b4E7sq">Ludwig Prandtl</a> in 1918–1919 after working with <a href="/facts/Albert_Betz/6NT60QjV">Albert Betz</a> and <a href="/facts/Max_Munk/fAR84RKy">Max Munk</a>. In this model, the vortex bound to the wing develops along the whole wingspan because it is shed as a vortex-sheet from the trailing edge, rather than just as a single vortex from the wing-tips. </p>