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Reference.org
Units of textile measurement
open-in-new
Textile
fibers
,
threads
,
yarns
and
fabrics
are measured in a multiplicity of units.
A
fiber
, a single filament of natural material, such as
cotton
,
linen
or
wool
, or artificial material such as
nylon
,
polyester
,
metal
or
mineral fiber
, or human-made cellulosic fibre like viscose, Modal,
Lyocell
or other
rayon
fiber is measured in terms of
linear mass density
, the weight of a given length of fiber. Various units are used to refer to the measurement of a fiber, such as: the denier and tex (linear mass density of fibers), super S (fineness of wool fiber),
worsted
count, woolen count, linen count (wet spun) (or Number English (Ne)), cotton count (or Number English (Ne)), Number metric (Nm) and yield (the reciprocal of denier and tex).
A
yarn
, a spun agglomeration of fibers used for
knitting
,
weaving
or
sewing
, is measured in terms of cotton count and yarn density.
Thread, usually consisting of multiple yarns
plied
together producing a long, thin strand used in sewing or weaving, is measured in the same units as yarn.
Fabric
, material typically produced by weaving, knitting or knotting textile fibers, yarns or threads, is measured in units such as the momme, thread count (a measure of the coarseness or fineness of fabric), ends per inch (e.p.i) and picks per inch (p.p.i).