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Reference.org
Pyelogram
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<p>Pyelogram (or pyelography or urography) is a form of imaging of the <a href="/facts/Renal_pelvis/nMo9ooBH">renal pelvis</a> and <a href="/facts/Ureter/VIfEGI2c">ureter</a>. </p><p>Types include: </p> <ul><li>Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Retrograde_pyelogram/Je38eg2y">Retrograde pyelogram</a> – Any pyelogram in which contrast medium is introduced from the lower urinary tract and flows toward the kidney (i.e. in a "retrograde" direction, against the normal flow of urine).</li> <li>Anterograde pyelogram (also antegrade pyelogram) – A pyelogram where a contrast medium passes from the kidneys toward the bladder, mimicking the normal flow of urine.</li> <li>Gas pyelogram – A pyelogram that uses a gaseous rather than liquid contrast medium. It may also form without the injection of a gas, when gas producing micro-organisms infect the most upper parts of urinary system.</li></ul>