The Lyon Commune was a short-lived revolutionary movement in Lyon, France, in 1870–1871. Republicans and activists from several components of the far-left of the time seized power in Lyon and established an autonomous government. The commune organized elections, but dissolved after the restoration of a republican "normality", which frustrated the most radical elements, who hoped for a different revolution. Radicals twice tried to regain power, without success.
The Lyon events happened in the context of a revolutionary wave of series of similar uprisings in most major French cities in the aftermath of the collapse of the Second French Empire, culminating in the 1871 Paris Commune.