List of concurrent and parallel programming languages

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This article lists concurrent and <a href="/facts/Parallel_programming_language/nQzcpzQt">parallel programming languages</a>, categorizing them by a defining <a href="/facts/Paradigm_(computer_science)/7LwgRpB3">paradigm</a>. Concurrent and parallel programming languages involve multiple timelines.  Such languages provide <a href="/facts/Synchronization_(computer_science)/n7ID76uM">synchronization</a> constructs whose behavior is defined by a parallel <a href="/facts/Execution_model/gLPUW3Xb">execution model</a>. A <a href="/facts/Concurrent_programming_language/yVzQBPr9">concurrent programming language</a> is defined as one which uses the concept of simultaneously executing processes or threads of execution as a means of structuring a program. A parallel language is able to express programs that are executable on more than one processor. Both types are listed, as concurrency is a useful tool in expressing parallelism, but it is not necessary. In both cases, the features must be part of the language syntax and not an extension such as a library (libraries such as the posix-thread library implement a parallel <a href="/facts/Execution_model/gLPUW3Xb">execution model</a> but lack the syntax and grammar required to be a programming language).
</p><p>The following categories aim to capture the main, defining feature of the languages contained, but they are not necessarily orthogonal.
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List of concurrent and parallel programming languages open-in-new

List of concurrent and parallel programming languages