Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Aryl group
open-in-new
<p>In <a href="/facts/Organic_chemistry/djxhxaNg">organic chemistry</a>, an aryl is any <a href="/facts/Functional_group/GXkSPsjM">functional group</a> or <a href="/facts/Substituent/6y9IE6G0">substituent</a> derived from an <a href="/facts/Aromaticity/wK0DzRY6">aromatic ring</a>, usually an <a href="/facts/Aromatic_hydrocarbon/3EXq8Tgf">aromatic hydrocarbon</a>, such as <a href="/facts/Phenyl/Ql9Yx5uu">phenyl</a> and <a href="/facts/Naphthyl/RU2sV8mN">naphthyl</a>. "Aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization, and "Ar" is used as a placeholder for the aryl group in chemical structure diagrams, analogous to “R” used for any organic substituent. “Ar” is not to be confused with the elemental symbol for <a href="/facts/Argon/QX6NRH6d">argon</a>. </p><p>A simple aryl group is <a href="/facts/Phenyl/Ql9Yx5uu">phenyl</a> (C6H5−), a group derived from <a href="/facts/Benzene/Fguue7nr">benzene</a>. Examples of other aryl groups consist of: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/facts/Tolyl_groups/Uawe8aW0">tolyl</a> group (CH3C6H4−) which is derived from <a href="/facts/Toluene/Pzdt8dwD">toluene</a> (methylbenzene)</li> <li>The <a href="/facts/Xylyl/BEGggD9s">xylyl</a> group ((CH3)2C6H3−), which is derived from <a href="/facts/Xylene/BEGggD9s">xylene</a> (dimethylbenzene)</li> <li>The <a href="/facts/Naphthyl/RU2sV8mN">naphthyl</a> group (C10H7−), which is derived from <a href="/facts/Naphthalene/RU2sV8mN">naphthalene</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/facts/Arylation/cF8RBvCx">Arylation</a> is the process in which an aryl group is attached to a substituent. It is typically achieved by <a href="/facts/Cross-coupling_reaction/cF8RBvCx">cross-coupling reactions</a>. </p>