Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is an <a href="/facts/Umbrella_term/bjxUuoRb">umbrella term</a> used to group together the distinct but related technical disciplines of <a href="/facts/Science/IJoaD7rs">science</a>, <a href="/facts/Technology/9Uav5WVR">technology</a>, <a href="/facts/Engineering/RFVg8H3I">engineering</a>, and <a href="/facts/Mathematics/pxTouaz4">mathematics</a>. The term is typically used in the context of <a href="/facts/Education_policy/FMSgaxe3">education policy</a> or <a href="/facts/Curriculum/FEAlV1PH">curriculum</a> choices in schools. It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns (as a shortage of STEM-educated citizens can reduce effectiveness in this area), and immigration policy, with regard to admitting foreign students and tech workers.
There is no universal agreement on which disciplines are included in STEM; in particular, whether or not the science in STEM includes <a href="/facts/Social_science/hAbm1xtD">social sciences</a>, such as <a href="/facts/Psychology/duoqW7Sz">psychology</a>, <a href="/facts/Sociology/d2Fd0N87">sociology</a>, <a href="/facts/Economics/HYctA2Dn">economics</a>, and <a href="/facts/Political_science/Gqy5EoRX">political science</a>. In the United States, these are typically included by the <a href="/facts/National_Science_Foundation/FlDT8TbW">National Science Foundation</a> (NSF), the <a href="/facts/United_States_Department_of_Labor/VGqS16qJ">Department of Labor</a>'s <a href="/facts/Occupational_Information_Network/d2SL1gBy">O*Net</a> online database for job seekers, and the <a href="/facts/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security/jwz5gLfa">Department of Homeland Security</a>. In the United Kingdom, the social sciences are categorized separately and are instead grouped with <a href="/facts/Humanities/nErauGkd">humanities</a> and <a href="/facts/Art/6snb7Ixz">arts</a> to form another counterpart acronym <a href="/facts/Humanities%2c_arts%2c_and_social_sciences/neDHFHm3">HASS</a> (humanities, arts, and social sciences), rebranded in 2020 as <a href="/facts/Social_Sciences%2c_Humanities_and_the_Arts_for_People_and_the_Economy/PTnGwIlc">SHAPE</a> (social sciences, humanities and the arts for people and the economy). Some sources also use HEAL (health, education, administration, and literacy) as the counterpart of STEM.

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics open-in-new

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics