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Brookite
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<p>Brookite is the <a href="/facts/Orthorhombic_crystal_system/3zo4F8P0">orthorhombic</a> variant of <a href="/facts/Titanium_dioxide/T0KWmKcz">titanium dioxide</a> (TiO2), which occurs in four known natural <a href="/facts/Polymorphism_(materials_science)/bu2tqsB9">polymorphic</a> forms (minerals with the same composition but different structure). The other three of these forms are <a href="/facts/Akaogiite/yHkSeVh7">akaogiite</a> (<a href="/facts/Monoclinic_crystal_system/5PCwXvzX">monoclinic</a>), <a href="/facts/Anatase/wD932gCW">anatase</a> (<a href="/facts/Tetragonal_crystal_system/12Aop255">tetragonal</a>) and <a href="/facts/Rutile/qwJH5ElN">rutile</a> (<a href="/facts/Tetragonal_crystal_system/12Aop255">tetragonal</a>). Brookite is rare compared to anatase and rutile and, like these forms, it exhibits <a href="/facts/Photocatalysis/XctEct26">photocatalytic</a> activity. Brookite also has a larger <a href="/facts/Crystal_structure/bJ4bCeHd">cell</a> volume than either anatase or rutile, with 8 TiO2 groups per unit cell, compared with 4 for anatase and 2 for rutile. <a href="/facts/Iron/QK1JYy8E">Iron</a> (Fe), <a href="/facts/Tantalum/VwaxMm33">tantalum</a> (Ta) and <a href="/facts/Niobium/3zNI8AKp">niobium</a> (Nb) are common impurities in brookite. </p><p>Brookite was named in 1825 by French mineralogist <a href="/facts/Armand_L%25C3%25A9vy_(mineralogist)/F9XvW1Mt">Armand Lévy</a> for <a href="/facts/Henry_James_Brooke/ocP9ndNd">Henry James Brooke</a> (1771–1857), an English crystallographer, mineralogist and wool trader. </p><p>Arkansite is a variety of brookite from <a href="/facts/Magnet_Cove%2c_Arkansas/uCwCtYbn">Magnet Cove, Arkansas</a>, US. It is also found in the <a href="/facts/Murun_Massif/2Vkv9WbB">Murun Massif</a> on the <a href="/facts/Olyokma-Chara_Plateau/dlLfg7ht">Olyokma-Chara Plateau</a> of Eastern <a href="/facts/Siberia/oaCoPEjF">Siberia</a>, Russia, part of the <a href="/facts/Aldan_Shield/2Vkv9WbB">Aldan Shield</a>. </p><p>At temperatures above about 750 °C, brookite will revert to the rutile structure. </p>