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Automated manual transmission
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<p>The automated manual transmission (AMT) is a type of <a href="/facts/Transmission_(mechanics)/eoNqAufN">transmission</a> for <a href="/facts/Motor_vehicles/AaXamA0w">motor vehicles</a>. It is essentially a conventional <a href="/facts/Manual_transmission/jEehs2AT">manual transmission</a> equipped with automatic actuation to operate the <a href="/facts/Clutch/yQLCtuGA">clutch</a> and/or shift <a href="/facts/Gear_train/znASyK8H">gears</a>. </p><p>Many early versions of these transmissions that are <a href="/facts/Semi-automatic_transmission/QP5nmyNz">semi-automatic</a> in operation, such as <i><a href="/facts/Autostick/ynJ4GfrT">Autostick</a></i>, which automatically control only the <a href="/facts/Clutch/yQLCtuGA">clutch</a> – often using various forms of clutch <a href="/facts/Actuator/mF9qVJJR">actuation</a>, such as <a href="/facts/Electromechanics/0D5gkXko">electro-mechanical</a>, <a href="/facts/Hydraulic_motor/vvF2RMGs">hydraulic</a>, <a href="/facts/Pneumatic_actuator/FQEH81rs">pneumatic</a>, or <a href="/facts/Vacuum/BTk3goyV">vacuum</a> actuation – but still require the driver's manual input and full control to initiate gear changes by hand. These systems that require manual shifting are also referred to as clutchless manual systems. Modern versions of these systems that are <a href="/facts/Automatic_transmission/bKBFLbyh">fully automatic</a> in operation, such as <i><a href="/facts/Selespeed/Q3EffKuH">Selespeed</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/Easytronic/2CdNl89Y">Easytronic</a></i>, can control both the clutch operation and the gear shifts automatically, by means of an <a href="/facts/Electronic_control_unit/EfffqUuK">ECU</a>, therefore requiring no manual intervention or driver input for gear changes. </p><p>The usage of modern computer-controlled AMTs in passenger cars increased during the mid-1990s, as a more sporting alternative to the traditional hydraulic automatic transmission. During the 2010s, AMTs were largely replaced by the increasingly widespread <a href="/facts/Dual-clutch_transmission/XdXMvLK5">dual-clutch transmission</a>, but remained popular for smaller cars in <a href="/facts/Europe/DTAtrKfh">Europe</a> and some <a href="/facts/Developing_world/eTfS4kxl">developing markets</a>, particularly <a href="/facts/India/1kKHcnxM">India</a>, where it is notably favored over conventional automatic and <a href="/facts/Continuously_variable_transmission/nPcPoKgT">CVT</a> transmissions due to its lower cost. </p>