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Thioredoxin reductase
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<p>Thioredoxin reductases (TR, TrxR) (<a href="/facts/Enzyme_Commission_number/Y5GNLRKX">EC</a> <a href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/1.8.1.9">1.8.1.9</a>) are enzymes that reduce <a href="/facts/Thioredoxin/Up6p35ke">thioredoxin</a> (Trx). Two classes of thioredoxin reductase have been identified: one class in bacteria and some eukaryotes and one in animals. Bacterial TrxR also catalyzes the reduction of glutaredoxin like proteins known as NrdH. Both classes are <a href="/facts/Flavoproteins/Swg9LP6w">flavoproteins</a> which function as homodimers. Each monomer contains a <a href="/facts/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide/uzADx3ES">FAD</a> prosthetic group, a <a href="/facts/NADPH/XMgmPQ5t">NADPH</a> binding domain, and an active site containing a redox-active <a href="/facts/Disulfide_bond/eDx5Xtlg">disulfide bond</a>. </p>