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Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby
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<p><a href="/facts/Field_marshal_(United_Kingdom)/KPlRphd1">Field Marshal</a> Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, <a href="/facts/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_the_Bath/as761RvN">GCB</a>, <a href="/facts/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George/vMrNB6V0">GCMG</a>, <a href="/facts/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order/o3yjlYBp">GCVO</a> (23 April 1861 – 14 May 1936) was a senior <a href="/facts/British_Army/StuY9Jy2">British Army</a> <a href="/facts/Officer_(armed_forces)/FDFw2Bpd">officer</a> and Imperial Governor. He fought in the <a href="/facts/Second_Boer_War/LSEc1IgQ">Second Boer War</a> and also in <a href="/facts/World_War_I/vITTUanQ">World War I</a>, in which he led the <a href="/facts/British_Empire/hrsz0j7A">British Empire</a>'s <a href="/facts/Egyptian_Expeditionary_Force/oSUBfMBR">Egyptian Expeditionary Force</a> (EEF) during the <a href="/facts/Sinai_and_Palestine_Campaign/sXxMkGFQ">Sinai and Palestine Campaign</a> against the <a href="/facts/Ottoman_Empire/6QvfTRsg">Ottoman Empire</a> in the conquest of <a href="/facts/Palestine_(region)/HxMSPazK">Palestine</a>. </p><p>The British succeeded in capturing <a href="/facts/Beersheba/dKXzMLaC">Beersheba</a>, <a href="/facts/Jaffa/BFjHzofX">Jaffa</a>, and <a href="/facts/Jerusalem/PKJ8LT0Y">Jerusalem</a> from October to December 1917. His forces occupied the <a href="/facts/Jordan_Valley_(Middle_East)/PVWTEdYb">Jordan Valley</a> during the summer of 1918, then went on to capture northern Palestine and defeat the Ottoman <a href="/facts/Yildirim_Army_Group/zF2etjzc">Yildirim Army Group</a>'s <a href="/facts/Eighth_Army_(Ottoman_Empire)/w0br6FvM">Eighth Army</a> at the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Megiddo_(1918)/pUopA9NE">Battle of Megiddo</a>, forcing the <a href="/facts/Fourth_Army_(Ottoman_Empire)/8YCRyB2P">Fourth</a> and <a href="/facts/Seventh_Army_(Ottoman_Empire)/cb45G4AF">Seventh Army</a> to retreat towards Damascus. Subsequently, the EEF Pursuit by <a href="/facts/Desert_Mounted_Corps/Ugv2tFGy">Desert Mounted Corps</a> captured <a href="/facts/Damascus/IL0Qwt6R">Damascus</a> and advanced into northern <a href="/facts/Syria/7pDXGzq8">Syria</a>. </p><p>During this pursuit, he commanded <a href="/facts/T._E._Lawrence/XWnEQrU9">T. E. Lawrence</a> (<i>"Lawrence of Arabia"</i>), whose campaign with <a href="/facts/Faisal_I_of_Iraq/XwHxNwvb">Faisal's</a> <a href="/facts/Sharifian_Army/JR9aQSLw">Arab Sherifial Forces</a> assisted the EEF's capture of <a href="/facts/Ottoman_Empire/6QvfTRsg">Ottoman Empire</a> territory and fought the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Aleppo_(1918)/hopAYWJP">Battle of Aleppo</a>, five days before the <a href="/facts/Armistice_of_Mudros/jnwzDYwU">Armistice of Mudros</a> ended the campaign on 30 October 1918. He continued to serve in the region as <a href="/facts/List_of_diplomats_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_Egypt/QGLW0Agm">High Commissioner in Egypt</a> from 1919 until 1925, a position that meant he effectively ruled Egypt during this period. </p>