Ottoman dynasty

The Ottoman dynasty consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman (<a href="/facts/Ottoman_Turkish_language/z17YMfhT">Ottoman Turkish</a>: خاندان آل عثمان, <a href="/facts/Romanization_of_Ottoman_Turkish/UzI1YVA1">romanized</a>: Ḫānedān-ı Āl-i ʿOsmān), also known as the Ottomans (<a href="/facts/Turkish_language/C5X56Ijp">Turkish</a>: Osmanlılar). According to Ottoman tradition, the family originated from the <a href="/facts/Kay%C4%B1_tribe/lt1CDRaG">Kayı tribe</a> branch of the <a href="/facts/Oghuz_Turks/3tDVfY8y">Oghuz Turks</a>, under <a href="/facts/Osman_I/mtdkpg6M">Osman I</a> in northwestern <a href="/facts/Anatolia/vMkrLrPr">Anatolia</a> in the district of <a href="/facts/Bilecik/o50fp5zW">Bilecik</a>, <a href="/facts/S%C3%B6%C4%9F%C3%BCt/XVLGthvD">Söğüt</a>. The Ottoman dynasty, named after Osman I, ruled the <a href="/facts/Ottoman_Empire/6QvfTRsg">Ottoman Empire</a> from c. 1299 to 1922.
During much of the Empire's history, the sultan was the absolute regent, head of state, and head of government, though much of the power often shifted to other officials such as the <a href="/facts/Grand_Vizier_of_the_Ottoman_Empire/gaRwpe1q">Grand Vizier</a>. During the <a href="/facts/First_Constitutional_Era/uDAHo2vj">First</a> (1876–78) and <a href="/facts/Second_Constitutional_Era/fkh4qV0S">Second Constitutional Eras</a> (1908–20) of the late Empire, a shift to a constitutional monarchy was enacted, with the Grand Vizier taking on a prime ministerial role as head of government and heading an elected <a href="/facts/General_Assembly_of_the_Ottoman_Empire/9Kk0jgTb">General Assembly</a>.
The imperial family was deposed from power and <a href="/facts/Abolition_of_the_Ottoman_sultanate/XSyTpBso">the sultanate was abolished</a> on 1 November 1922 immediately after the <a href="/facts/Turkish_War_of_Independence/GtV8LuII">Turkish War of Independence</a>. The <a href="/facts/Republic_of_Turkey/KIYAWAs0">Republic of Turkey</a> was declared the following year. The living members of the dynasty were initially sent into exile as <a href="/facts/150_personae_non_gratae_of_Turkey/EEjMeVx0">personae non-gratae</a>, though some have been allowed to return and live as private citizens in Turkey. In its current form, the family is known as the <a href="/facts/Osmano%C4%9Flu_family/wxTw9qKM">Osmanoğlu family</a>.

Ottoman dynasty open-in-new

Ottoman dynasty