In linguistics, modal particles are a type of grammatical particle used in a sentence to add extra meaning, particularly in spoken language. Modal particles have various functions, including adding emotion or emphasis, or to express how sentence content is grounded in common knowledge between the speaker and participants.
Languages that use many modal particles in their spoken form include Dutch, Danish, German, Hungarian, Russian, Telugu, Nepali, Norwegian, Indonesian, Sinitic languages, and Japanese. Modal particles are often context-dependent and difficult to translate.