Molecular binding

Molecular binding is an attractive interaction between two <a href="/facts/Molecule/N9ljSfFq">molecules</a> that results in a stable association in which the molecules are in close proximity to each other. It is formed when atoms or molecules bind together by sharing of electrons. It often, but not always, involves some <a href="/facts/Chemical_bond/ArNUMnIB">chemical bonding</a>.
In some cases, the associations can be quite strong—for example, the protein <a href="/facts/Streptavidin/7CxGjCz1">streptavidin</a> and the vitamin <a href="/facts/Biotin/WAaVxyB7">biotin</a> have a <a href="/facts/Dissociation_constant/uvaKXf26">dissociation constant</a> (reflecting the ratio between bound and free biotin) on the order of 10−14—and so the reactions are effectively irreversible. The result of molecular binding is sometimes the formation of a molecular complex in which the attractive forces holding the components together are generally <a href="/facts/Noncovalent_bonding/J0pnJCe8">non-covalent</a>, and thus are normally energetically weaker than <a href="/facts/Covalent_bond/EzMLf3Pz">covalent bonds</a>.
Molecular binding occurs in biological complexes (e.g., between pairs or sets of proteins, or between a protein and a small molecule <a href="/facts/Ligand/6etB3qeW">ligand</a> it binds) and also in abiologic chemical systems, e.g. as in cases of <a href="/facts/Coordination_polymers/7k8mpFyF">coordination polymers</a> and coordination networks such as <a href="/facts/Metal-organic_framework/gwE4bkCa">metal-organic frameworks</a>.

Molecular binding open-in-new

Molecular binding