Cross-coupling reaction

In <a href="/facts/Organic_chemistry/djxhxaNg">organic chemistry</a>, a cross-coupling reaction is a <a href="/facts/Chemical_reaction/GpqWlKrz">reaction</a> where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal <a href="/facts/Catalyst/LPBS7TQC">catalysts</a>. One important reaction type is this:

R−M + R'−X → R−R' + MX (R, R' = organic fragments, usually <a href="/facts/Aryl/M3z7QRXd">aryl</a>; M = main group center such as Li or MgX; X = <a href="/facts/Halide/ujYu8kGD">halide</a>)
These reactions are used to form <a href="/facts/Carbon%25E2%2580%2593carbon_bond/nLE4z5BK">carbon–carbon bonds</a> but also carbon-heteroatom bonds. Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of <a href="/facts/Coupling_reaction/L464wvvk">coupling reactions</a>.
<a href="/facts/Richard_F._Heck/IJsACfCd">Richard F. Heck</a>, <a href="/facts/Ei-ichi_Negishi/jkDVKS99">Ei-ichi Negishi</a>, and <a href="/facts/Akira_Suzuki_(chemist)/T2s3QYRx">Akira Suzuki</a> were awarded the 2010 <a href="/facts/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry/8Nb8Ajjy">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> for developing palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.

Cross-coupling reaction open-in-new

Cross-coupling reaction