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Norbert Wiener
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<p>Norbert Wiener (November 26, 1894 – March 18, 1964) was an American <a href="/facts/Computer_scientist/DavggjGL">computer scientist</a>, <a href="/facts/Mathematician/eaFSR8Fx">mathematician</a>, and <a href="/facts/Philosopher/Hyvzc54m">philosopher</a>. He became a professor of mathematics at the <a href="/facts/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology/Xk49vNA8">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (<a href="/facts/MIT/Xk49vNA8">MIT</a>). A <a href="/facts/Child_prodigy/9kEm7W4L">child prodigy</a>, Wiener later became an early researcher in <a href="/facts/Stochastic_processes/Ng1n1dnB">stochastic</a> and mathematical <a href="/facts/Noise_(signal_processing)/JT3lGj8v">noise</a> processes, contributing work relevant to <a href="/facts/Electronic_engineering/WCSVulpu">electronic engineering</a>, <a href="/facts/Electronic_communication/vxoj1cxR">electronic communication</a>, and <a href="/facts/Control_system/8CEjIDlS">control systems</a>. </p><p>Wiener is considered the originator of <a href="/facts/Cybernetics/4qb58zbt">cybernetics</a>, the science of communication as it relates to living things and machines, with implications for <a href="/facts/Engineering/RFVg8H3I">engineering</a>, <a href="/facts/Systems_control/ub89p0xU">systems control</a>, <a href="/facts/Computer_science/lN3pEyPz">computer science</a>, <a href="/facts/Biology/1M1ee3pB">biology</a>, <a href="/facts/Neuroscience/o5RV8Cas">neuroscience</a>, <a href="/facts/Philosophy/zAH5PVD6">philosophy</a>, and the organization of <a href="/facts/Society/PulvrYfa">society</a>. His work heavily influenced computer pioneer <a href="/facts/John_von_Neumann/aUk6urof">John von Neumann</a>, information theorist <a href="/facts/Claude_Shannon/EremsCws">Claude Shannon</a>, anthropologists <a href="/facts/Margaret_Mead/NW85lSaq">Margaret Mead</a> and <a href="/facts/Gregory_Bateson/gu13XFtu">Gregory Bateson</a>, and others. </p><p>Wiener is credited as being one of the first to theorize that all intelligent behavior was the result of feedback mechanisms, that could possibly be simulated by machines and was an important early step towards the development of modern <a href="/facts/Artificial_intelligence/lJGauQwX">artificial intelligence</a>. </p>