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Completion (oil and gas wells)
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<p>Well completion is the process of making a <a href="/facts/Oil_well/mNNRJmuE">well</a> ready for production (or injection) after drilling operations. This principally involves preparing the bottom of the hole to the required specifications, running in the <a href="/facts/Production_tubing/5o4hgsnG">production tubing</a> and its associated down hole tools as well as perforating and stimulating as required. Sometimes, the process of running in and cementing the <a href="/facts/Casing_(oil_well)/UKSesMmm">casing</a> is also included. After a well has been drilled, should the drilling fluids be removed, the well would eventually close in upon itself. Casing ensures that this will not happen while also protecting the wellstream from outside incumbents, like water or sand. </p>