Shenyang

Shenyang, formerly known by its <a href="/facts/Manchu_language/5FNskcAr">Manchu</a> name Mukden, is a <a href="/facts/Sub-provincial_city/gpAAf4A4">sub-provincial city</a> in <a href="/facts/China/lTjIXY5p">China</a> and the <a href="/facts/List_of_capitals_in_China/JoQBKTzf">provincial capital</a> of <a href="/facts/Liaoning_province/cgS09ncg">Liaoning province</a>. It is the province's most populous city with a population of 9,070,093 as of the <a href="/facts/2020_Chinese_census/P3HRAA3v">2020 census</a>, also making it the largest city in <a href="/facts/Northeast_China/d679urKB">Northeast China</a> by <a href="/facts/Urban_population/fu9v8h5P">urban population</a>, and the second-largest by <a href="/facts/Metropolitan_population/IKeV26lu">metropolitan population</a> (behind <a href="/facts/Harbin/IPtT5S5o">Harbin</a>). The Shenyang <a href="/facts/Metropolitan_area/IKeV26lu">metropolitan area</a> is one of the major <a href="/facts/Megalopolises_in_China/sIXLqRWz">megalopolises in China</a>, with a population of over 23 million. The city's administrative region includes the ten metropolitan <a href="/facts/District_(China)/Kjntjonc">districts</a>, the <a href="/facts/County-level_city/2xDSg84X">county-level city</a> of <a href="/facts/Xinmin%2c_Liaoning/G83PDodT">Xinmin</a>, and the <a href="/facts/Counties_of_the_People%2527s_Republic_of_China/lF6P9Pvb">counties</a> of <a href="/facts/Kangping_County/wFkwnIW6">Kangping</a> and <a href="/facts/Faku_County/k5oIK7IN">Faku</a>.
Shenyang has been controlled by numerous different states and peoples during its history. In the 14th century, the city came under the control of the <a href="/facts/Ming_dynasty/p3bSVwUH">Ming dynasty</a> (1368–1644), for whom it served as an important military stronghold. The 1621 <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Shen-Liao/smYzX1eP">Battle of Shen-Liao</a> resulted in Shenyang briefly serving as the capital of the Jurchen <a href="/facts/Later_Jin_(1616%25E2%2580%25931636)/uj7aTcDy">Later Jin</a> dynasty, the direct predecessor of the <a href="/facts/Qing_dynasty/5j6r4p5m">Qing dynasty</a> (1644–1912). The 1905 <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Mukden/2amlPKfg">Battle of Mukden</a> took place south of Shenyang as part of the <a href="/facts/Russo-Japanese_War/YWIxIkE2">Russo-Japanese War</a>. The subsequent Japanese victory allowed its annexation of the region west of the old city and the increase of Japanese influence in Shenyang. In 1931, the <a href="/facts/Mukden_incident/EK87pNNV">Mukden incident</a> led to the Japanese invasion and occupation of the rest of Northeast China, and the establishment of the puppet state of <a href="/facts/Manchukuo/EFnnLsde">Manchukuo</a>. After the <a href="/facts/Japanese_surrender/SM4dd1M9">Japanese surrender</a> in 1945, Shenyang remained a stronghold of the <a href="/facts/Kuomintang/jxHMXkAo">Kuomintang</a> until its capture by the <a href="/facts/Chinese_Communist_Party/MwS3Togt">Communists</a> in 1948 following the <a href="/facts/Liaoshen_campaign/pXwVepHA">Liaoshen campaign</a>.
Together with its surrounding cities, Shenyang is an important industrial center in China, and serves as the transportation and commercial hub of China's northeast—particularly involved in links with Japan, Russia, and Korea. A center of <a href="/facts/Heavy_industry/yFY3ovdz">heavy industry</a> in China since the 1930s, and the spearhead of the Chinese central government's <a href="/facts/Northeast_Area_Revitalization_Plan/9C3JfHMU">Northeast Area Revitalization Plan</a>, the city has been diversified its industry in the 21st century, including expanding into the <a href="/facts/Service_sector/IbtKqotL">service sector</a>. Growing industries include software, automotive and electronics. Shenyang is also a major city for scientific research and education in Northeast China. As of 2024, it was listed among the top 105 <a href="/facts/List_of_cities_by_scientific_output/xlaUsYTp">cities by scientific output</a> in the world, as tracked by the <a href="/facts/Nature_Index/HCAnyVGM">Nature Index</a>. The city is home to <a href="/facts/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Liaoning/dMgE3qTf">several major universities</a>, notably <a href="/facts/Northeastern_University_(China)/yCWgRonE">Northeastern University</a> and <a href="/facts/Liaoning_University/pEy2HxoW">Liaoning University</a>, listed as prestigious universities in the <a href="/facts/Double_First-Class_Construction/0BpvBvfq">Double First-Class Construction</a>.

Shenyang open-in-new

Shenyang