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Proton exchange membrane electrolysis
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<p>Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis is the <a href="/facts/Electrolysis_of_water/Vb0hYQPW">electrolysis of water</a> in a cell equipped with a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) that is responsible for the conduction of protons, separation of product gases, and electrical insulation of the electrodes. The PEM electrolyzer was introduced to overcome the issues of partial load, low current density, and low pressure operation currently plaguing the alkaline electrolyzer. It involves a <a href="/facts/Proton-exchange_membrane/QfrWIvRA">proton-exchange membrane</a>. </p><p><a href="/facts/Electrolysis_of_water/Vb0hYQPW">Electrolysis</a> of water is an important technology for the <a href="/facts/Production_of_hydrogen/wVo66xRK">production of hydrogen</a> to be used as an energy carrier. With fast dynamic response times, large operational ranges, and high efficiencies, water electrolysis is a promising technology for energy storage coupled with renewable energy sources. In terms of sustainability and environmental impact, PEM electrolysis is considered as a promising technique for high purity and efficient hydrogen production since it emits only oxygen as a by-product without any carbon emissions. The IEA said in 2022 that more effort was needed. The availability of iridium may be a constraint for the widespread adoption of PEM technology. </p>