Protein-glutamate methylesterase

The enzyme protein-glutamate methylesterase (EC 3.1.1.61) <a href="/facts/Catalysis/LPBS7TQC">catalyzes</a> the reaction

protein L-glutamate O 5-methyl ester + H2O 
 
 
 
 ⇌
 
 
 {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }
 
 protein L-glutamate + methanol
This enzyme is a <a href="/facts/Demethylase/GzzaHAIC">demethylase</a>, and more specifically it belongs to the family of <a href="/facts/Hydrolase/XW89JvNF">hydrolases</a>, specifically those acting on carboxylic <a href="/facts/Ester/FoUAIIw4">ester</a> bonds. The <a href="/facts/List_of_enzymes/w2RP6EwU">systematic name</a> is protein-Lglutamate-O 5-methyl-ester acylhydrolase. Other names in common use include chemotaxis-specific methylesterase, methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein methyl-esterase, CheB methylesterase, methylesterase CheB, protein methyl-esterase, protein carboxyl methylesterase, PME, protein methylesterase, and protein-L-glutamate-5-O-methyl-ester acylhydrolase. This enzyme participates in 3 <a href="/facts/Metabolism/WxDrm8k5">metabolic pathways</a>: <a href="/facts/Two-component_regulatory_system/VP6hvFTe">two-component system - general</a>, <a href="/facts/Bacterial_chemotaxis_-_general/hYPRdPTk">bacterial chemotaxis - general</a>, and bacterial chemotaxis - organism-specific.
CheB is part of a two-component <a href="/facts/Signal_transduction/1bs0Me6w">signal transduction</a> system. These systems enable <a href="/facts/Bacteria/wC8xSCsU">bacteria</a> to sense, respond, and adapt to a wide range of environments, stressors, and growth conditions. Two-component systems are composed of a sensor <a href="/facts/Histidine_kinase/pkjn8bku">histidine kinase</a> (HK) and its cognate response regulator (RR). The HK <a href="/facts/Catalysis/LPBS7TQC">catalyses</a> its own <a href="/facts/Autophosphorylation/2fxju7UD">autophosphorylation</a> followed by the transfer of the <a href="/facts/Phosphate/FDGVCxUG">phosphoryl</a> group to the receiver domain on RR; <a href="/facts/Phosphorylation/LXUEEeIL">phosphorylation</a> of the RR usually activates an attached output domain, in this case a methyltransferase domain.
CheB is involved in <a href="/facts/Chemotaxis/hYPRdPTk">chemotaxis</a>. CheB methylesterase is responsible for removing the <a href="/facts/Methyl_group/fkM97EMD">methyl group</a> from the gamma-glutamyl methyl ester residues in the <a href="/facts/Methyl-accepting_chemotaxis_protein/UCPfdKMG">methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins</a> (MCP). CheB is regulated through phosphorylation by CheA. The <a href="/facts/N-terminal/yKYpuaBJ">N-terminal</a> region of the protein is similar to that of other regulatory components of sensory transduction systems.

Protein-glutamate methylesterase open-in-new

Protein-glutamate methylesterase