Gene knock-in

<p>In <a href="/facts/Molecular_cloning/Te56373e">molecular cloning</a> and <a href="/facts/Biology/1M1ee3pB">biology</a>, a gene knock-in (abbreviation: KI) refers to a <a href="/facts/Genetic_engineering/vwdlDR61">genetic engineering</a> method that involves the one-for-one substitution of DNA sequence information in a <a href="/facts/Locus_(genetics)/JcIT8wLm">genetic locus</a> or the <a href="/facts/Insertion_(genetics)/LC827MUs">insertion</a> of sequence information not found within the locus. Typically, this is done in mice since the technology for this process is more refined and there is a high degree of shared sequence complexity between mice and humans. The difference between knock-in technology and traditional <a href="/facts/Transgenic/8DvIYSGt">transgenic</a> techniques is that a knock-in involves a <a href="/facts/Gene/e1swwPY6">gene</a> inserted into a specific locus, and is thus a "targeted" insertion. It is the opposite of <a href="/facts/Gene_knockout/RJTMDbUR">gene knockout</a>.
</p><p>A common use of knock-in technology is for the creation of disease models. It is a technique by which scientific investigators may study the function of the regulatory machinery (e.g. <a href="/facts/Promoter_(biology)/YDYBzLfg">promoters</a>) that governs the expression of the natural gene being replaced. This is accomplished by observing the new <a href="/facts/Phenotype/vxWXKGLj">phenotype</a> of the organism in question. The <a href="/facts/Bacterial_artificial_chromosome/1MzCeAoe">BACs</a> and <a href="/facts/Yeast_artificial_chromosome/59WHy8f8">YACs</a> are used in this case so that large fragments can be transferred.
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Gene knock-in open-in-new

Gene knock-in