Millimeter wave (mmWave) sensing is a non-contact system of using mmWave radar sensors to measure movement, acceleration, and angles as small as a fraction of a millimeter. This system requires a mmWave radar sensor to transmit and receive pulses of millimeter electromagnetic wave energy, detecting targets and motion from the reflections it receives back. Additional components such as converters, signal processors and other embedded technologies create new use cases and improve performance of the system. Current applications for this technology include human and animal movement tracking, human presence detection, and detection of vital signs for use across automotive, meteorological, medical and pet health industries and is often an alternative to wearable-based technologies for the same uses.
Compared to sensing technologies using other radio frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum such as infrared or ultra-wideband, mmWave uses 30 to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Typical mmWave sensors use the 24-, 60- and 77-GHz band each with their own benefits for specific applications.