Azerbaijan (Iran)

<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Azerbaijan_(Iran)¶ms=37.6_N_47_E_scale:5000000">37°36′N 47°00′E / 37.6°N 47.0°E / 37.6; 47.0</a>
Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan (<a href="/facts/Persian_language/jfUYbHbt">Persian</a>/<a href="/facts/Azerbaijani_language/RBrpdUk2">Azerbaijani</a>: آذربایجان, <a href="/facts/Romanization_of_Persian/qlHk4p54">romanized</a>: Āzarbāyjān, Persian pronunciation: [ɒːzæɾbɒːjˈdʒɒːn], Azerbaijani pronunciation: [ɑːzæɾbɑjˈdʒɑn]), also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a <a href="/facts/Historical_region/v5j2ltV8">historical region</a> in northwestern <a href="/facts/Iran/24yukge8">Iran</a> that borders <a href="/facts/Iraq/pqYSFJw8">Iraq</a> and <a href="/facts/Turkey/KIYAWAs0">Turkey</a> to the west and <a href="/facts/Armenia/t3GQx9sU">Armenia</a>, <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan/Ho5joRTJ">Azerbaijan</a>, and the Azerbaijani exclave of the <a href="/facts/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic/JwaGw17x">Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic</a> to the north.
Iranian Azerbaijan includes three northwestern Iranian provinces: <a href="/facts/West_Azerbaijan_province/xdW7INn7">West Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="/facts/East_Azerbaijan_province/DMqfMprQ">East Azerbaijan</a> and <a href="/facts/Ardabil_province/pp1VIRNY">Ardabil</a>. Some authors also include <a href="/facts/Zanjan_province/NUj0wJpY">Zanjan</a> in this list, some in a geographical sense, others only culturally (due to the predominance of the Azeri Turkic population there). The region is mostly populated by <a href="/facts/Iranian_Azerbaijanis/G5r9Cw99">Azerbaijanis</a>, with minority populations of <a href="/facts/Kurds/nfHFlVlq">Kurds</a>, <a href="/facts/Armenians/SxHfJF8N">Armenians</a>, <a href="/facts/Tat_people_(Iran)/fJhrB5wU">Tats</a>, <a href="/facts/Talysh_people/nX3JeWIJ">Talysh</a>, <a href="/facts/Assyrian_people/qfHqDhDc">Assyrians</a> and <a href="/facts/Persians/4GhM3jl2">Persians</a>.
Iranian Azerbaijan is the land <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan_naming_controversy/BjbBPj9G">originally and historically called Azerbaijan</a>; the Azerbaijani-populated Republic of Azerbaijan appropriated the name of the neighbouring Azerbaijani-populated region in Iran during the 20th century. Historic Azerbaijan was called <a href="/facts/Atropatene/FueGh7yM">Atropatene</a> in antiquity and Aturpatakan (<a href="/facts/Adurbadagan/n8pGllae">Adurbadagan</a>) in the pre-Islamic Middle Ages. Some people refer to Iranian Azerbaijan as <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan_(toponym)/BjbBPj9G">South (or Southern) Azerbaijan</a> and the Republic of Azerbaijan as Northern Azerbaijan, although others believe that these terms are <a href="/facts/Irredentist/f2pPV9WG">irredentist</a> and politically motivated.
Following military defeats at the hands of the <a href="/facts/Russian_Empire/hg1g5SpV">Russian Empire</a>, <a href="/facts/Qajar_Iran/qSYcpC8f">Qajar Persia</a> ceded all of its territories in the <a href="/facts/North_Caucasus/GpxBJatP">North Caucasus</a> and <a href="/facts/Transcaucasia/MQaTkhRJ">Transcaucasia</a> to Russia via the <a href="/facts/Treaty_of_Gulistan/k9qDVafV">Treaty of Gulistan</a> of 1813 and the <a href="/facts/Treaty_of_Turkmenchay/vYGcuz7K">Treaty of Turkmenchay</a> of 1828. The territories south of the <a href="/facts/Aras_River/Cs9jTTlL">Aras River</a>, which comprised the region historically known as Azerbaijan, became the new north-west frontier of the Persian Empire and later Iran. The territories north of the Aras River, which were not known by the name Azerbaijan at the time of their capture by Russia, were absorbed into the Russian Empire, renamed the <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan_Democratic_Republic/mgadN3Lz">Azerbaijan Democratic Republic</a> during the country's short-lived independence from 1918 to 1920, incorporated into the <a href="/facts/Soviet_Union/m7wWsPto">Soviet Union</a> as the <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic/T4CNqSTa">Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, and finally became the independent Republic of Azerbaijan when the <a href="/facts/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union/Fyn5jw3n">Soviet Union dissolved</a>.

Azerbaijan (Iran) open-in-new

Azerbaijan (Iran)