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Rank (J programming language)
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<p>Rank is a generalization of <a href="/facts/Control_flow/2XTDfErC">looping</a> as used in scalar (non-<a href="/facts/Array_data_structure/BKGvF8AM">array</a>-oriented) <a href="/facts/Programming_language/cWTYbgWa">programming languages</a>. It is also a generalization of <i><a href="/facts/Map_(higher-order_function)/GdzN4UJl">mapcar</a></i> in the language <i><a href="/facts/Lisp_(programming_language)/xJHA3CrX">Lisp</a></i> and <i>map</i> in modern <a href="/facts/Functional_programming/cdxqPEIM">functional programming</a> languages, and a generalization of scalar extension, inner (<a href="/facts/Matrix_(mathematics)/qa8FI4ko">matrix</a>) product, and outer product in APL\360. The canonical implementation of rank may be the language <i><a href="/facts/J_(programming_language)/EdIVMBj7">J</a></i>, but it is also available in <a href="/facts/Dyalog_APL/E2sb98gC">Dyalog APL</a>, the <a href="/facts/International_Organization_for_Standardization/IacYR7Yg">International Organization for Standardization</a> (ISO) <a href="/facts/Technical_standard/P4orT1SM">technical standard</a> on Extended APL, and NARS2000. </p><p>Rank has several different meanings. In general, the concept of <i>rank</i> is used to treat an orthogonal array in terms of its subarrays. For example, a two-dimensional array may be dealt with at rank 2 as the entire matrix, or at rank 1 to work with its implicit one-dimensional columns or rows, or at rank 0 to work at the level of its individual atoms. </p> <ul><li><i>Noun rank</i> – The rank of a noun is a nonnegative <a href="/facts/Integer/PUwwrawx">integer</a>.</li> <li><i>Verb rank</i> – The rank of a verb is a list of three integers.</li> <li><i>The rank conjunction</i> – The rank conjunction (") is used to derive a verb with a specific rank.</li></ul>