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Reference.org
Closed kinetic chain exercises
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<p>Closed kinetic chain exercises or closed chain exercises (CKC) are <a href="/facts/Physical_exercise/egYQjt8A">physical exercises</a> performed where the <a href="/facts/Hand/0yhW6deV">hand</a> (for arm movement) or <a href="/facts/Foot/gnX2RTz7">foot</a> (for leg movement) is fixed in space and cannot move. The extremity remains in constant contact with the immobile surface, usually the ground or the base of a machine. </p><p>The opposite of CKC exercises are <a href="/facts/Open_kinetic_chain_exercises/CUfpAzkP">open kinetic chain exercises</a> (OKC). </p><p>Closed chain exercises are often compound movements, that generally incur compressive forces, while open-chain exercises are often isolation movements that promote more shearing forces. </p><p>CKC exercises involve more than one muscle group and joint simultaneously rather than concentrating solely on one, as many OKC exercises do (single-joint movements), lending the former to more utilitarian and athletic activities. </p>