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Motion Picture Association
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<p>The Motion Picture Association (MPA) is an American <a href="/facts/Trade_association/emPa7AJG">trade association</a> representing the <a href="/facts/Major_film_studios/PzIn05EM">five major film studios</a> of the <a href="/facts/Cinema_of_the_United_States/1HpkUBfd">United States</a>, the <a href="/facts/Major_film_studios/PzIn05EM">mini-major</a> <a href="/facts/Amazon_MGM_Studios/AcYatrgW">Amazon MGM Studios</a>, as well as the video streaming services <a href="/facts/Netflix/TKtlFVY9">Netflix</a> and <a href="/facts/Amazon_Prime_Video/xyAbHsRE">Amazon Prime Video</a>. Founded in 1922 as the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America (MPPDA) and known as the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) from 1945 until September 2019, its original goal was to ensure the viability of the <a href="/facts/American_film_industry/1HpkUBfd">American film industry</a>. In addition, the MPA established guidelines for film content which resulted in the creation of the <a href="/facts/Motion_Picture_Production_Code/wgntMFzn">Motion Picture Production Code</a> in 1930. This code, also known as the Hays Code, was replaced by a voluntary <a href="/facts/Motion_Picture_Association_film_rating_system/18ScNqTj">film rating system</a> in 1968, which is managed by the Classification and Rating Administration (CARA). </p><p>The MPA has advocated for the motion picture and television industry, with the goals of promoting effective <a href="/facts/Copyright/7GHEWEx9">copyright</a> protection, expanding <a href="/facts/Market_access/a9N3yD8a">market access</a> and has worked to curb <a href="/facts/Copyright_infringement/33JDsS5S">copyright infringement</a>, including attempts to limit the sharing of copyrighted works via <a href="/facts/Peer-to-peer_file_sharing/em1qEY3C">peer-to-peer file sharing</a> networks and by streaming from <a href="/facts/Piracy_(media)/33JDsS5S">pirate</a> sites. Former <a href="/facts/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_France/Y1TdkN2K">United States ambassador to France</a> <a href="/facts/Charles_Rivkin/qaWK6Gw0">Charles Rivkin</a> is the chairman and CEO. </p>