Cesar Department

Cesar Department (Spanish: Departamento del Cesar), or simply Cesar, (Spanish pronunciation: [seˈsaɾ]) is a <a href="/facts/Departments_of_Colombia/jb2Bz8Kk">department</a> of <a href="/facts/Colombia/nl7r8Q2u">Colombia</a> located in the north of the country in the <a href="/facts/Caribbean_Region_of_Colombia/HPpvgzCM">Caribbean region</a>, bordering to the north with the <a href="/facts/Department_of_La_Guajira/wBxoDldp">Department of La Guajira</a>, to the west with the <a href="/facts/Department_of_Magdalena/KwUw0GHN">Department of Magdalena</a> and <a href="/facts/Department_of_Bolivar/3lwzImBq">Department of Bolivar</a>, to the south with <a href="/facts/Department_of_Santander/vUCPc7Uh">Department of Santander</a>, to the east with the <a href="/facts/Department_of_North_Santander/uW5Be6qN">Department of North Santander</a>, and further to the east with the country of <a href="/facts/Venezuela/eX1qnkln">Venezuela</a> (<a href="/facts/Zulia_State/8FnEVF6n">Zulia State</a>). The department capital city is <a href="/facts/Valledupar/G7wllYBP">Valledupar</a>.
The region was first inhabited by indigenous peoples known as Euparis in the Valley of Upar and Guatapuris in the Valley of the Cesar river, among these were the Orejones pertaining to the Toupeh, Acanayutos pertaining to the <a href="/facts/Motilon_people/02SJdmha">Motilon</a> and Alcoholades pertaining to the <a href="/facts/Chimila_people/MTsQUWst">Chimila</a>. The first European to explore the area was Spanish Captain Peter Vadillo, but German <a href="/facts/Ambrosio_Alf%25C3%25ADnger/VwGGw1tz">Ambrose Alfinger</a> savagely conquered the region in 1532.
From 1996 to 2006 paramilitary groups committed gross human rights violations affecting tens of thousands of victims in the Cesar mining region.

Cesar Department open-in-new

Cesar Department