Cisco

Cisco Systems, Inc. (using the <a href="/facts/Trademark/B23H8IS0">trademark</a> Cisco) is an American <a href="/facts/Multinational_corporation/qrMQSMTb">multinational</a> <a href="/facts/Digital_communications/1yAhaANd">digital communications</a> technology <a href="/facts/Conglomerate_(company)/YBbUVg1d">conglomerate</a> corporation headquartered in <a href="/facts/San_Jose%2c_California/PCaTmTDq">San Jose, California</a>. Cisco develops, manufactures, and sells <a href="/facts/Networking_hardware/ck0rIkXA">networking hardware</a>, <a href="/facts/Software/RP79lVSW">software</a>, <a href="/facts/Telecommunications_equipment/DPnnbpPF">telecommunications equipment</a> and other <a href="/facts/High-technology/td2FYKeX">high-technology</a> services and products. Cisco specializes in specific tech markets, such as the <a href="/facts/Internet_of_things/rwwGAxn3">Internet of things</a> (IoT), <a href="/facts/Internet_domain/FDLD2m5G">domain security</a>, <a href="/facts/Videoconferencing/Ya9TMFQD">videoconferencing</a>, and <a href="/facts/Energy_management/q41yB0MQ">energy management</a> with <a href="/facts/List_of_Cisco_products/rMaPMuPp">products</a> including <a href="/facts/Webex/flG9DyqN">Webex</a>, <a href="/facts/OpenDNS/ECIWsYdY">OpenDNS</a>, <a href="/facts/XMPP/hgulEuRA">Jabber</a>, Duo Security, Silicon One, and <a href="/facts/Cisco_Jasper/zeazFWGF">Jasper</a>.
Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by <a href="/facts/Leonard_Bosack/491MAbvJ">Leonard Bosack</a> and <a href="/facts/Sandy_Lerner/EKydsF5U">Sandy Lerner</a>, two <a href="/facts/Stanford_University/JEQeF9z2">Stanford University</a> computer scientists who had been instrumental in connecting computers at Stanford. They pioneered the concept of a <a href="/facts/Local_area_network/edUDxJ6J">local area network</a> (LAN) being used to connect distant computers over a multiprotocol <a href="/facts/Router_(computing)/Nh5cIyVf">router system</a>. The company went public in 1990 and, by the end of the <a href="/facts/Dot-com_bubble/dCFWQt0s">dot-com bubble</a> in 2000, had a market capitalization of $500 billion, surpassing <a href="/facts/Microsoft/nGIDDXdx">Microsoft</a> as the world's most valuable company.
Cisco stock (CSCO), trading on <a href="/facts/Nasdaq/C6GlcQcB">Nasdaq</a> since 1990, was added to the <a href="/facts/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average/jHr3wKhj">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a> on June 8, 2009, and is also included in the <a href="/facts/S%2526P_500/oyektBNP">S&P 500</a>, <a href="/facts/Nasdaq-100/KcosLVyw">Nasdaq-100</a>, the <a href="/facts/Russell_1000/rbvsuDC5">Russell 1000</a>, and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock indices.

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Cisco