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-ine
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<p><i>-ine</i> is a <a href="/facts/Suffix/Nlnft3NK">suffix</a> used in <a href="/facts/Chemistry/SrNqkGVm">chemistry</a> to denote two kinds of <a href="/facts/Chemical_substance/EWcXU41d">substance</a>. The first is a <a href="/facts/Base_(chemistry)/M9wA7qeM">chemically basic</a> and <a href="/facts/Alkaloid/m6hUXohz">alkaloidal</a> substance. It was proposed by <a href="/facts/Joseph_Louis_Gay-Lussac/co1Ne63y">Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac</a> in an editorial accompanying a paper by <a href="/facts/Friedrich_Sert%25C3%25BCrner/8tMLY8qa">Friedrich Sertürner</a> describing the isolation of the alkaloid "morphium", which was subsequently renamed to "morphine". Examples include <a href="/facts/Quinine/YMB9QgzM">quinine</a>, <a href="/facts/Morphine/8ngpXHDc">morphine</a> and <a href="/facts/Guanidine/lGzDoPuJ">guanidine</a>. The second usage is to denote a <a href="/facts/Hydrocarbon/Dcg95Ju5">hydrocarbon</a> of the <a href="/facts/Degree_of_unsaturation/w6PoaWAX">second degree of unsaturation</a>. Examples include <a href="/facts/Hexyne/j5VUKtkw">hexine</a> and <a href="/facts/Heptyne/qIe043nv">heptine</a>. With simple hydrocarbons, this usage is identical to the <a href="/facts/IUPAC_nomenclature_of_organic_chemistry/ElygYu14">IUPAC</a> suffix <a href="/facts/-yne/MtT2YkH9">-yne</a>. </p><p>In common and literary adjectives (e.g. <i>asinine, canine, feline, ursine</i>), the suffix is usually pronounced /aɪn/ or in some words alternatively /ɪn/. For demonyms (e.g. <i>Levantine, Byzantine, Argentine</i>) it is usually /aɪn/ or /iːn/. But in chemistry, it is usually pronounced /iːn/ or /ɪn/ depending on the word it appears in and the <a href="/facts/Accent_(sociolinguistics)/ql49CBMh">accent</a> of the speaker. In a few words (for example, <i><a href="/facts/Quinine/YMB9QgzM">quinine</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/Iodine/JlfMecMf">iodine</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/Strychnine/oaAfW1xP">strychnine</a></i>), the /aɪn/ sound is normal in some accents. <i><a href="/facts/Gasoline/lcnxq5BS">Gasoline</a></i> ends with /iːn/; <i><a href="/facts/Glycerine/sRQ6NBQQ">glycerine</a></i> more often with /ɪn/ than with /iːn/. In <i><a href="/facts/Caffeine/Hx6E2QC5">caffeine</a></i>, the suffix has merged with the <i>e</i> in the root, for stressed /ˈiːn/; in <i>gasoline</i> and <i>margarine</i> as well the suffix is stressed by some people. </p><p>Some <a href="/facts/Chemical_element/0jducgWD">elements</a> of the <a href="/facts/Periodic_table/umdGIfUb">periodic table</a> (namely the <a href="/facts/Halogen/YeFgWHeA">halogens</a>, in the Group 17) have this suffix: <a href="/facts/Fluorine/YUV0Fb8m">fluorine</a> (F), <a href="/facts/Chlorine/y27UwYBM">chlorine</a> (Cl), <a href="/facts/Bromine/oLfj3C7D">bromine</a> (Br), <a href="/facts/Iodine/JlfMecMf">iodine</a> (I) and <a href="/facts/Astatine/AlbHPBK5">astatine</a> (At), ending which was continued in the artificially created <a href="/facts/Tennessine/eGCBDvEr">tennessine</a> (Ts). </p><p>The suffix <i>-in</i> (/ɪn/) is <a href="/facts/Etymology/18QG6y67">etymologically</a> related and <a href="/facts/Semantic_field/dBzpq7cc">overlaps in usage</a> with <i>-ine</i>. Many <a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">proteins</a> and <a href="/facts/Lipid/TdQR87HX">lipids</a> have names ending with <i>-in</i>: for example, the enzymes <a href="/facts/Pepsin/pELlV241">pepsin</a> and <a href="/facts/Trypsin/wrwS23rh">trypsin</a>, the hormones <a href="/facts/Insulin/oXG0myt1">insulin</a> and <a href="/facts/Gastrin/C4a4VSbz">gastrin</a>, and the lipids <a href="/facts/Stearin/mqRU0H42">stearin</a> (stearine) and <a href="/facts/Olein/tdTvrCtp">olein</a>. </p> Look up <i>-ine</i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.