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Reference.org
Camshaft
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<p>A camshaft is a <a href="/facts/Shaft_(mechanical_engineering)/LqK0yJKP">shaft</a> that contains a row of pointed <a href="/facts/Cam_(mechanism)/bxISyXo2">cams</a> in order to convert <a href="/facts/Rotation/yChkz49x">rotational motion</a> to <a href="/facts/Reciprocating_motion/mvTFbPaP">reciprocating motion</a>. Camshafts are used in <a href="/facts/Piston_engine/ItLAxmW3">piston engines</a> (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), mechanically controlled <a href="/facts/Ignition_system/7Rqqltpr">ignition systems</a> and early <a href="/facts/Electronic_speed_control/Qp5fXWkm">electric motor speed controllers</a>. </p><p>Camshafts in piston engines are usually made from steel or cast iron, and the shape of the cams greatly affects the engine's characteristics. </p>