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Histone 3′ UTR stem-loop
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<p>The histone 3′ UTR stem-loop is an <a href="/facts/Cis-regulatory_element/q6u6VSBs">RNA element</a> involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport of the <a href="/facts/Histone/krb5VJfp">histone</a> mRNAs, and in the regulation of stability and of translation efficiency in the <a href="/facts/Cytoplasm/Wa0sE6xf">cytoplasm</a>. The <a href="/facts/MRNA/oUL6qxQn">mRNAs</a> of <a href="/facts/Metazoan/4b8J33nd">metazoan</a> <a href="/facts/Histone/krb5VJfp">histone</a> genes lack <a href="/facts/Polyadenylation/ILnXUBKP">polyadenylation</a> and a <a href="/facts/Poly-A_tail/ILnXUBKP">poly-A tail</a>, instead 3′ end processing occurs at a site between this highly conserved stem-loop and a <a href="/facts/Purine/9ogLp0Wc">purine</a> rich region around 20 <a href="/facts/Nucleotide/pQKEwlJI">nucleotides</a> downstream (the histone downstream element, or HDE). The <a href="/facts/Stem-loop/GysAzrX5">stem-loop</a> is bound by a 31 kDa stem-loop binding protein (<a href="/facts/SLBP/uS20gnIC">SLBP</a> - also termed the histone hairpin binding protein, or HBP). Together with <a href="/facts/U7_small_nuclear_RNA/lz12W3Cl">U7 snRNA</a> binding of the HDE, SLBP binding nucleates the formation of the processing complex. </p> <ul><li>Williams AS, Marzluff WF (February 1995). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC306734">"The sequence of the stem and flanking sequences at the 3′ end of histone mRNA are critical determinants for the binding of the stem-loop binding protein"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Research</i>. 23 (4): 654–662. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2F23.4.654">10.1093/nar/23.4.654</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC306734">306734</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7899087">7899087</a>.</li> <li>Zanier K, Luyten I, Crombie C, Muller B, Schümperli D, Linge JP, Nilges M, Sattler M (January 2002). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1370228">"Structure of the histone mRNA hairpin required for cell cycle regulation of histone gene expression"</a>. <i>RNA</i>. 8 (1): 29–46. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs1355838202014061">10.1017/s1355838202014061</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1370228">1370228</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11871659">11871659</a>.</li> <li>Zhang M, Lam TT, Tonelli M, Marzluff WF, Thapar R (April 2012). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3328597">"Interaction of the histone mRNA hairpin with stem-loop binding protein (SLBP) and regulation of the SLBP-RNA complex by phosphorylation and proline isomerization"</a>. <i>Biochemistry</i>. 51 (15): 3215–3231. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fbi2018255">10.1021/bi2018255</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3328597">3328597</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22439849">22439849</a>.</li></ul>