Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
open-in-new
<p><i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i> (often abbreviated <i>PNAS</i> or <i>PNAS USA</i>) is a <a href="/facts/Peer-review/ly6yEgcW">peer-reviewed</a> <a href="/facts/Multidisciplinary/HP0uaNUs">multidisciplinary</a> <a href="/facts/Scientific_journal/A4Slzknw">scientific journal</a>. It is the official journal of the <a href="/facts/National_Academy_of_Sciences/M3oePVeG">National Academy of Sciences</a>, published since 1915, and publishes original research, scientific reviews, commentaries, and letters. According to <i><a href="/facts/Journal_Citation_Reports/H13uyJqD">Journal Citation Reports</a></i>, the journal has a 2022 <a href="/facts/Impact_factor/CamGH5MQ">impact factor</a> of 9.4. <i>PNAS</i> is the second most cited scientific journal, with more than 1.9 million cumulative citations from 2008 to 2018. In the past, <i>PNAS</i> has been described variously as "prestigious", "sedate", "renowned" and "high impact". </p><p><i>PNAS</i> is a <a href="/facts/Delayed_open-access_journal/AA2QYn6D">delayed open-access journal</a>, with an <a href="/facts/Embargo_(academic_publishing)/39ocCqLM">embargo period</a> of six months that can be bypassed for an author fee (<a href="/facts/Hybrid_open_access_journal/VqnKusMU">hybrid open access</a>). Since September 2017, open access articles are published under a Creative Commons license. Since January 2019, <i>PNAS</i> has been <a href="/facts/Online-only_journal/KyMyuFrx">online-only</a>, although print issues are available on demand. </p>