Tolerogenic dendritic cell

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (a. k. a. tol-DCs, tDCs, or DCregs) are heterogenous pool of <a href="/facts/Dendritic_cells/19KBuKFK">dendritic cells</a> with immuno-suppressive properties, priming immune system into tolerogenic state against various <a href="/facts/Antigen/9JlAernG">antigens</a>. These tolerogenic effects are mostly mediated through regulation of <a href="/facts/T_cell/5z6PQ9UN">T cells</a> such as inducing T cell <a href="/facts/Anergy/nc2QNDqf">anergy</a>, T cell <a href="/facts/Apoptosis/8dVzSm4y">apoptosis</a> and induction of <a href="/facts/Regulatory_T_cell/1ECRAGMg">Tregs</a>. Tol-DCs also affect local micro-environment toward tolerogenic state by producing anti-inflammatory <a href="/facts/Cytokine/SdWpWABH">cytokines</a>.
Tol-DCs are not lineage specific and their immune-suppressive functions is due to their state of activation and/or differentiation. Generally, properties of all types of dendritic cells can be highly affected by local micro-environment such as presence of pro or anti-inflammatory cytokines, therefore tolerogenic properties of tol-DCs are often context dependant and can be even eventually overridden into pro-inflammatory <a href="/facts/Phenotype/vxWXKGLj">phenotype</a>.
Tolerogenic DCs present a potential strategy for treatment of autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases and transplant rejections. Moreover, Ag-specific tolerance in humans can be induced in vivo via vaccination with Ag-pulsed ex vivo generated tolerogenic DCs. For that reason, tolerogenic DCs are an important promising therapeutic tool.

Tolerogenic dendritic cell open-in-new

Tolerogenic dendritic cell