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Indium nitride
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<p>Indium nitride (<a href="/facts/Indium/zRq3stVb">In</a><a href="/facts/Nitrogen/Nf1QpGDz">N</a>) is a <a href="/facts/Narrow_gap/IjIeh95l">small-bandgap semiconductor</a> material, which has potential application in <a href="/facts/Solar_cells/3L814UCC">solar cells</a> and high speed electronics. </p><p>The bandgap of InN has now been established as ~0.7 eV depending on temperature (the obsolete value is 1.97 eV). The <a href="/facts/Effective_electron_mass/I8acHGPd">effective electron mass</a> has been recently determined by high magnetic field measurements, <i>m</i>* = 0.055 <i>m</i>0. </p><p>Alloyed with <a href="/facts/Gallium_nitride/lmwUt4nk">GaN</a>, the ternary system <a href="/facts/InGaN/a3MYdQrt">InGaN</a> has a direct bandgap span from the <a href="/facts/Infrared/44XdJNcc">infrared</a> (0.69 eV) to the <a href="/facts/Ultraviolet/kncBUqn5">ultraviolet</a> (3.4 eV). </p><p>Currently there is research into developing solar cells using the <a href="/facts/Nitride/9vkrCbJ4">nitride</a> based <a href="/facts/Semiconductor/zFf3mGTE">semiconductors</a>. Using one or more alloys of <a href="/facts/Indium_gallium_nitride/a3MYdQrt">indium gallium nitride</a> (InGaN), an optical match to the <a href="/facts/Sun/CadPCVHh">solar spectrum</a> can be achieved. The <a href="/facts/Bandgap/IjIeh95l">bandgap</a> of InN allows a <a href="/facts/Wavelength/kcJU0ymz">wavelengths</a> as long as 1900 <a href="/facts/Nanometer/a98sjHyu">nm</a> to be utilized. However, there are many difficulties to be overcome if such solar cells are to become a commercial reality: <a href="/facts/P-type_semiconductor/d9GPL5tV">p-type doping</a> of InN and indium-rich InGaN is one of the biggest challenges. Heteroepitaxial growth of InN with other nitrides (<a href="/facts/Gallium_Nitride/lmwUt4nk">GaN</a>, <a href="/facts/Aluminium_nitride/CkEzMbrM">AlN</a>) has proved to be difficult. </p><p>Thin layers of InN can be grown using <a href="/facts/Metalorganic_chemical_vapour_deposition/Ldg0BICo">metalorganic chemical vapour deposition</a> (MOCVD). </p>