Ammonolysis

<p>In <a href="/facts/Chemistry/SrNqkGVm">chemistry</a>, ammonolysis  is the process of splitting ammonia into  
  
    
      
        
          
            NH
            
              2
            
            
              −
            
          
          +
          
            H
            
              +
            
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\ce {NH2- + H+}}}
  
.  Ammonolysis reactions can be conducted with <a href="/facts/Organic_compound/gqCNaN45">organic compounds</a> to produce amines (molecules containing a <a href="/facts/Nitrogen/Nf1QpGDz">nitrogen</a> atom with a <a href="/facts/Lone_pair/Q6kEAC4g">lone pair</a>, :N), or with <a href="/facts/Inorganic_compound/TfFfzxSz">inorganic compounds</a> to produce <a href="/facts/Nitrides/9vkrCbJ4">nitrides</a>. This reaction is analogous to <a href="/facts/Hydrolysis/JTvwIHPs">hydrolysis</a> in which water molecules are split. Similar to water, liquid ammonia also undergoes <a href="/facts/Auto-ionization/o4Xr5Q01">auto-ionization</a>, 
  
    
      
        
          
            2
            
            
              NH
              
                3
              
              
                
              
            
            ⇌
            
              NH
              
                4
              
              
                +
              
            
            +
            
              NH
              
                2
              
              
                −
              
            
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\ce {{2 NH3 ⇌ NH4+ + NH2- }}}}
  
, where the rate constant is k = 1.9 × 10−38.
</p><p>Organic compounds such as alkyl halides, hydroxyls (hydroxyl nitriles and carbohydrates), carbonyl (aldehydes/ketones/esters/alcohols), and sulfur (sulfonyl derivatives) can all undergo ammonolysis in liquid ammonia.
</p>

Ammonolysis open-in-new

Ammonolysis