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Reference.org
Magnetic flux quantum
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<p>The <a href="/facts/Magnetic_flux/jQMVxrnD">magnetic flux</a>, represented by the symbol Φ, threading some contour or loop is defined as the magnetic field B multiplied by the loop area S, i.e. Φ = B ⋅ S. Both B and S can be arbitrary, meaning that the flux Φ can be as well but increments of flux can be quantized. The wave function can be multivalued as it happens in the <a href="/facts/Aharonov%E2%80%93Bohm_effect/wQIXNPUM">Aharonov–Bohm effect</a> or quantized as in <a href="/facts/Superconductors/pqQAlSzJ">superconductors</a>. The unit of quantization is therefore called magnetic flux quantum. </p>