Critical resolved shear stress

In <a href="/facts/Materials_science/N5HrXRYW">materials science</a>, critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) is the component of <a href="/facts/Shear_stress/aWWnzIhE">shear stress</a>, resolved in the direction of <a href="/facts/Slip_(materials_science)/P29xbKBu">slip</a>, necessary to initiate slip in a <a href="/facts/Crystallite/nXSgR0wp">grain</a>. Resolved shear stress (RSS) is the shear component of an applied <a href="/facts/Tensile/waNGYp3a">tensile</a> or <a href="/facts/Compressive_stress/XIT7WeXf">compressive stress</a> resolved along a slip plane that is other than perpendicular or parallel to the stress axis. The RSS is related to the applied stress by a geometrical factor, m, typically the <a href="/facts/Schmid_Factor/8NAx0s85">Schmid factor</a>:

τ
 
 RSS
 
 
 =
 
 σ
 
 app
 
 
 m
 =
 
 σ
 
 app
 
 
 (
 cos
 ⁡
 ϕ
 cos
 ⁡
 λ
 )
 
 
 {\displaystyle \tau _{\text{RSS}}=\sigma _{\text{app}}m=\sigma _{\text{app}}(\cos \phi \cos \lambda )}
 
<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2">2</a>
where σapp is the magnitude of the applied tensile stress, Φ is the angle between the normal of the slip plane and the direction of the applied force, and λ is the angle between the slip direction and the direction of the applied force. The Schmid factor is most applicable to <a href="/facts/Face_centered_cubic/92Co7BKM">FCC</a> single-crystal <a href="/facts/Metal/PT8hNX6R">metals</a>, but for polycrystal metals the <a href="/facts/G._I._Taylor/akUuexNt">Taylor</a> factor has been shown to be more accurate. The CRSS is the value of resolved shear stress at which <a href="/facts/Yield_(engineering)/mrSg02gW">yielding</a> of the grain occurs, marking the onset of <a href="/facts/Plastic_deformation/z1LEmkQX">plastic deformation</a>. CRSS, therefore, is a material property and is not dependent on the applied load or grain orientation. The CRSS is related to the observed yield strength of the material by the maximum value of the Schmid factor:

 
 
 
 
 σ
 
 y
 
 
 =
 
 
 
 τ
 
 CRSS
 
 
 
 m
 
 max
 
 
 
 
 
 
 {\displaystyle \sigma _{y}={\frac {\tau _{\text{CRSS}}}{m_{\text{max}}}}}

CRSS is a constant for <a href="/facts/Crystal/e2R2mk3E">crystal</a> families. <a href="/facts/Hexagonal_crystal_family/sSSok8wo">Hexagonal close-packed crystals</a>, for example, have three main families - basal, prismatic, and pyramidal - with different values for the critical resolved shear stress.

Critical resolved shear stress open-in-new

Critical resolved shear stress