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Astronomy

• 12 January – Comet McNaught reaches perihelion and becomes visible from Earth during daylight.¹
• 28 February – The New Horizons space probe makes a gravitational slingshot around Jupiter to change its trajectory towards Pluto.
• 3–4 March – A total lunar eclipse occurs, visible in some parts of the Americas and Asia, and in all of Europe and Africa.²
• 19 March – A partial solar eclipse occurs, visible in Asia.
• 10 April – Spectroscopic analysis of HD 209458 b, an extrasolar planet, provides the first evidence of atmospheric water vapor beyond the Solar System.
• 24 April – The potentially habitable exoplanet Gliese 581 c is discovered in the constellation Libra.³
• May – High Resolution Fly's Eye Observatory (HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory present their results suggesting a confirmation for the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin limit, the theoretical limit for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays interacting with the Cosmic Microwave Background.
• 5 June – NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft makes its second flyby of Venus en route to Mercury, which it reaches in 2011.
• 2 July – Venus and Saturn are in conjunction, with a separation of 46 arcseconds.
• 28 August – A total lunar eclipse occurs, visible in some parts of the Americas and Asia, and all of Australasia and the Pacific Ocean.
• 11 September – A partial solar eclipse occurs, visible in southern areas of South America.
• 27 September – NASA's Dawn spacecraft is launched, beginning its journey to the asteroid belt objects Vesta and Ceres. It reached Vesta in 2011, and Ceres in 2015.⁴
• 24 October
  • Comet 17P/Holmes suddenly brightens from 17 to 2.8 magnitude.
  • Chang'e 1, the first satellite in the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, is launched from Xichang Satellite Launch Center; on 5 November it enters lunar orbit.

Biology

• 14 January – Scientists at the Roslin Institute announce they have genetically engineered chickens to lay eggs containing cancer-fighting proteins.⁵
• 7 February – The second "Berlin Patient", Timothy Ray Brown, is given a stem cell transplant from a donor carrying the CCR5-Δ32 allele, which cures his HIV/AIDS.⁶

Computer Science

• 9 January – Apple Inc.'s first iPhone smartphone is announced by Steve Jobs at Macworld in San Francisco;⁷ it is released in the United States on 29 June.
• 27 April – US researchers simulate half a virtual mouse brain on a supercomputer.⁸
• 23 August – Chris Messina proposes use of the hashtag on Twitter.^9101112
• 5 November – The Open Handset Alliance launches the Android mobile operating system.

Prizes

Abel Prize

Main article: Abel Prize

• 2007 Abel Prize: S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan

Nobel Prize

Main articles: List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine, List of Nobel laureates in Physics, and List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry

• 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: Mario Capecchi, Oliver Smithies and Martin Evans
• 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics: Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg
• 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Gerhard Ertl

Deaths

• 20 February – F. Albert Cotton (b. 1930), American chemist known for research on transition metal chemistry
• 22 February – Lucille Farrier Stickel (b. 1915), American wildlife toxicologist
• 23 March – Paul Cohen (b. 1934), American mathematician, winner of the 1966 Fields Medal
• 27 March – Paul Lauterbur (b. 1929), American chemist, winner of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in developing magnetic resonance imaging
• 4 April – Karen Spärck Jones (b. 1935), English computer scientist
• 7 July – Dame Anne McLaren (b. 1927), English developmental biologist and her ex-husband Donald Michie (b. 1923), British AI researcher (automobile accident
• 23 July – Ernst Otto Fischer (b. 1918), German winner of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for pioneering work in the area of organometallic chemistry
• 12 August – Ralph Asher Alpher (b. 1921), American cosmologist
• 29 September – Katsuko Saruhashi (b. 1920), Japanese geochemist
• 26 October – Arthur Kornberg (b. 1918), American biochemist, winner of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of DNA

See also

• 2007 in spaceflight
• List of emerging technologies

References

1. Rao, Joe (2007). "New Comet is Brightest in 30 Years". Space.com. Retrieved 25 September 2012. http://www.space.com/3316-comet-brightest-30-years.html ↩

2. "Total Lunar Eclipse March 2007". ESA. 4 March 2007. Retrieved 25 September 2012. http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=40776 ↩

3. Than, Ker (24 April 2007). "Major Discovery: New Planet Could Harbor Water and Life". Space.com. Retrieved 25 September 2012. http://www.space.com/3728-major-discovery-planet-harbor-water-life.html ↩

4. "Dawn departs Vesta to become first asteroid hopper". New Scientist. 6 September 2012. Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20120907134311/http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2012/09/asteroid-hopping-spacecraft-ma.html ↩

5. "Anti-cancer chicken eggs produced". BBC News. 14 January 2007. Retrieved 18 June 2013. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6261427.stm ↩

6. Holt, Nathalia (2015) [2014]. Cured: The People Who Defeated HIV. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-218184-3. OCLC 937872774 978-0-14-218184-3 ↩

7. Honan, Mathew (9 January 2007), Apple unveils iPhone, Macworld, archived from the original on 15 April 2008, retrieved 25 September 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20080415223141/http://www.macworld.com/article/54769/2007/01/iphone.html ↩

8. "Mouse brain simulated on computer". BBC News. 27 April 2007. Retrieved 18 June 2013. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/6600965.stm ↩

9. Messina, Chris [@chrismessina] (2007-08-23). "how do you feel about using # (pound) for groups. As in #barcamp [msg]?" (Tweet). Retrieved 2019-09-30 – via Twitter. https://x.com/chrismessina/status/223115412 ↩

10. Parker, Ashley (2011-06-10). "Twitter's Secret Handshake". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-07-26. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/12/fashion/hashtags-a-new-way-for-tweets-cultural-studies.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all ↩

11. "Hashtag inventor: It was an 'accidental trip over a simple idea'". BBC News. 2014-12-05. Retrieved 2014-12-05. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-30340622 ↩

12. "The Inventor of the Twitter Hashtag Explains Why He Didn't Patent It". Business Insider. Retrieved 2016-03-19. http://www.businessinsider.com/chris-messina-talks-about-inventing-the-hashtag-on-twitter-2013-11 ↩