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Blue Cross (chemical warfare)
World War I chemical agent

Blue Cross is a German World War I chemical warfare agent consisting of diphenylchloroarsine (DA, Clark I), diphenylcyanoarsine (CDA, Clark II), ethyldichloroarsine (Dick), and/or methyldichloroarsine (Methyldick). Clark I and Clark II were the main agents used.

Clark I was initially used with Green Cross munitions; however for the first time it was used as a standalone agent in the night from July 10 to July 11, 1917, at Nieuwpoort, Belgium, during Operation Strandfest. The artillery munition contained many glass spheres closed with a cork and sealed with the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT). N-ethylcarbazole was later added. Depending on the caliber, the munition contained 7–120 kg (15–265 lb) of the agent.

"Blue Cross" is also a generic World War I German marking for artillery shells with chemical payload affecting the upper respiratory tract.

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References

  1. "Chemical Weapons in World War I". www.cbwinfo.com. Archived from the original on 2010-09-19. Retrieved 2010-08-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20100919085218/http://cbwinfo.com/History/WWI.html